Emmett Duffy is Director of the Smithsonian’s Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, and coordinates the MarineGEO program (www.si.edu/marinegeo). MarineGEO is a global partnership to understand how coastal ecosystems work and how to keep them working, with a focus on the biodiversity that drives ecosystem processes. Duffy is a marine biologist who has worked in seagrass and coral reef ecosystems around the world and is active in international scientific networks and syntheses linking biodiversity to ecosystem and human well-being. He came to the Smithsonian in 2013 after 19 years at the College of William and Mary’s Virginia Institute of Marine Science. He was awarded an Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellowship in 2006, Japan’s inaugural Kobe Prize in Marine Biology in 2011, a Virginia Outstanding Faculty award in 2013, and was elected a Fellow of the Ecological Society of America in 2017.

Emmett Duffy is Director of the Smithsonian’s Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, and coordinates the MarineGEO program (www.si.edu/marinegeo). MarineGEO is a global partnership to understand how coastal ecosystems work and how to keep them working, with a focus on the biodiversity that drives ecosystem processes. Duffy is a marine biologist who has worked in seagrass and coral reef ecosystems around the world and is active in international scientific networks and syntheses linking biodiversity to ecosystem and human well-being. He came to the Smithsonian in 2013 after 19 years at the College of William and Mary’s Virginia Institute of Marine Science. He was awarded an Aldo Leopold Leadership Fellowship in 2006, Japan’s inaugural Kobe Prize in Marine Biology in 2011, a Virginia Outstanding Faculty award in 2013, and was elected a Fellow of the Ecological Society of America in 2017.

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• Miloslavich, Patricia, Bax, Nicholas J., Simmons, Samantha E., Klein, Eduardo, Appeltans, Ward, Aburto-Oropeza, Octavio, Andersen Garcia, Melissa, Batten, Sonia D., Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Checkley, David M., Chiba, Sanae, Duffy, J. Emmett, Dunn, Daniel C., Fischer, Albert, Gunn, John, Kudela, Raphael, Marsac, Francis, Muller-Karger, Frank, Obura, David, and Shin, Yunne-Jai. 2018. "Essential ocean variables for global sustained observations of biodiversity and ecosystem changes." Global Change Biology, 24, (6) 2416–2433. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14108. 2018
• Ruesink, Jennifer L., Stachowicz, John J., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Cusson, Mathieu, Douglass, James, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Hori, Masakazu, Hovel, Kevin, Iken, Katrin, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., Olsen, Jeanine L., Sotka, Erik E., Whalen, Matthew A., and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2018. "Form–function relationships in a marine foundation species depend on scale: a shoot to global perspective from a distributed ecological experiment." Oikos, 127, (3) 364–374. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.04270. 2018
• Campbell, Justin E., Altieri, Andrew H., Johnston, Lane N., Kuempel, Caitlin D., Paperno, Richard, Paul, Valerie J., and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2018. "Herbivore community determines the magnitude and mechanism of nutrient effects on subtropical and tropical seagrasses." Journal of Ecology, 106, (1) 401–412. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12862. 2018
• Reynolds, Pamela L., Stachowicz, John J., Hovel, Kevin, Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan S., Engel, Friederike G., Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, F. J., Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara, Hori, Masakazu, Hanley, Torrance, Ivanov, Mikhail, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, McGlathery, Karen, Moksnes, Per Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., O'Connor, Nessa, Orth, Robert J. et al. 2018. "Latitude, temperature and habitat complexity predict predation pressure in eelgrass beds across the Northern Hemisphere." Ecology, 99, (1) 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2064. 2018
• O'Connor, Mary I., Gonzalez, Andrew, Byrnes, Jarrett E. K., Cardinale, Bradley J., Duffy, J. Emmett, Gamfeldt, Lars, Griffin, John N., Hooper, David, Hungate, Bruce A., Paquette, Alain, Thompson, Patrick L., Dee, Laura E., and Dolan, Kristin L. 2017. "A general biodiversity-function relationship is mediated by trophic level." Oikos, 126, (1) 18–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.03652. 2017
• Edgar, Graham J., Alexander, Timothy J., Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Bates, Amanda E., Kininmonth, Stuart J., Thomson, Russell J., Duffy, J. Emmett, Costello, Mark J., and Stuart-Smith, Rick D. 2017. "Abundance and local-scale processes contribute to multi-phyla gradients in global marine diversity." Science Advances, 3, (10) e1700419–e1700419. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700419. 2017
• Stuart-Smith, Rick, Edgar, Graham J., Barrett, Neville S., Bates, Amanda E., Baker, Susan C., Bax, Nicholas J., Becerro, Mikel A., Berkhout, Just, Blanchard, Julia L., Brock, Daniel J., Clark, Graeme F., Cooper, Antonia T., Davis, Tom R., Day, Paul B., Duffy, J. Emmett, Holmes, Thomas H., Howe, Steffan A., Jordan, Alan, Kininmonth, Stuart, Knott, Nathan A., Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Ling, Scott D., Parr, Amanda, Strain, Elisabeth, Sweatman, Hugh et al. 2017. "Assessing National Biodiversity Trends for Rocky and Coral Reefs through the Integration of Citizen Science and Scientific Monitoring Programs." Bioscience, 67, (2) 134–146. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw180. 2017
• Staaterman, Erica R., Ogburn, Matthew Bryan, Altieri, Andrew H., Brandl, Simon J., Whippo, Ross, Seemann, Janina, Goodison, Michael R., and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2017. "Bioacoustic measurements complement visual biodiversity surveys: preliminary evidence from four shallow marine habitats." Marine Ecology Progress Series, 575 207–215. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12188. 2017
• Duffy, J. Emmett, Godwin, Casey M., and Cardinale, Bradley J. 2017. "Biodiversity effects in the wild are common and as strong as key drivers of productivity." Nature, (549) 261–264. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23886. 2017
• Stuart-Smith, Rick, Edgar, Graham J., Barrett, Neville S., Bates, Amanda E., Baker, Susan C., Bax, Nicholas J., Becerro, Mikel A., Berkhout, Just, Blanchard, Julia L., Brock, Daniel J., Clark, Graeme F., Cooper, Antonia T., Davis, Tom R., Day, Paul B., Duffy, J. Emmett, Holmes, Thomas H., Howe, Steffan A., Jordan, Alan, Kininmonth, Stuart, Knott, Nathan A., Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Ling, Scott D., Parr, Amanda, Strain, Elisabeth, Sweatman, Hugh et al. 2017. "Corrigendum: Assessing National Biodiversity Trends for Rocky and Coral Reefs through the Integration of Citizen Science and Scientific Monitoring Programs." Bioscience, 67, (8) 774. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/bix070. 2017
• Gaynor, Kaitlyn M., Solomon, Joseph W., Siller, Stefanie, Jessell, Linnet, Duffy, J. Emmett, and Rubenstein, Dustin R. 2017. "Development of genome- and transcriptome-derived microsatellites in related species of snapping shrimps with highly duplicated genomes." Molecular Ecology Resources, 17, (6) e160–e173. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12705. 2017
• Chak, Solomon Tin Chi, Duffy, J. Emmett, Hultgren, Kristin M., and Rubenstein, Dustin R. 2017. "Evolutionary transitions towards eusociality in snapping shrimps." Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1 0096. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0096. 2017
• Isbell, Forest, Gonzalez, Andrew, Loreau, Michel, Cowles, Jane, Diaz, Sandra, Hector, Andy, Mace, Georgina M., Wardle, DavidA, O'Connor, Mary I., Duffy, J. Emmett, Turnbull, Lindsay A., Thompson, Patrick L., and Larigauderie, Anne. 2017. "Linking the influence and dependence of people on biodiversity across scales." Nature, 546, (7656) 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22899. 2017
• Brandl, Simon J., Casey, Jordan M., Knowlton, Nancy, and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2017. "Marine dock pilings foster diverse, native cryptobenthic fish assemblages across bioregions." Ecology and Evolution, 7, (17) 7069–7079. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3288. 2017
• Naeem, Shahid, Chazdon, Robin, Duffy, J. Emmett, Prager, Case, and Worm, Boris. 2016. "Biodiversity and human well-being: an essential link for sustainable development." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 283, (1844). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2091. 2016
• Duffy, J. Emmett, Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Stuart-Smith, Rick D., Navarrete, Sergio A., and Edgar, Graham J. 2016. "Biodiversity enhances reef fish biomass and resistance to climate change." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113, (22) 6230–6235. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524465113. 2016
• Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Byrnes, Jarrett E. K., Isbell, Forest, Gamfeldt, Lars, Griffin, John N., Eisenhauer, Nico, Hensel, Marc J. S., Hector, Andy, Cardinale, Bradley J., and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2015. "Biodiversity enhances ecosystem multifunctionality across trophic levels and habitats." Nature Communications, 6. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7936. 2015
• Duffy, J. Emmett, Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Coyer, James A., Cusson, Mathieu, Donadi, Serena, Douglass, James G., Eklöf, Johan S., Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fredriksen, Stein, Gamfeldt, Lars, Gustafsson, Camilla, Hoarau, Galice, Hori, Masakazu, Hovel, Kevin, Iken, Katrin, Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., Olsen, Jeanine L., Richardson, J. P., Ruesink, Jennifer L., Sotka, Erik E. et al. 2015. "Biodiversity mediates top–down control in eelgrass ecosystems: a global comparative-experimental approach." Ecology Letters, 18, (7) 696–705. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12448. 2015
• Gamfeldt, Lars, Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Byrnes, Jarrett E. K., Cardinale, Bradley J., Duffy, J. Emmett, and Griffin, John N. 2015. "Marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: what's known and what's next?" Oikos, 124, (3) 252–265. https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.01549. 2015
• Chak, Solomon Tin Chi, Duffy, J. Emmett, and Rubenstein, Dustin R. 2015. "Reproductive skew drives patterns of sexual dimorphism in sponge-dwelling snapping shrimps." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 282, (1809). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0342. 2015
• Chak, Solomon T. C., Rubenstein, Dustin R., and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2015. "Social Control of Reproduction and Breeding Monopolization in the Eusocial Snapping Shrimp Synalpheus elizabethae." American Naturalist, 186, (5) 660–668. https://doi.org/10.1086/683132. 2015
• Duffy, J. Emmett, Ziegler, Shelby L., Campbell, Justin E., Bippus, Paige M., and Lefcheck, Jonathan S. 2015. "Squidpops: A Simple Tool to Crowdsource a Global Map of Marine Predation Intensity." PloS One, 10, (11) 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142994. 2015
• Stuart-Smith, Rick, Bates, Amanda E., Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Duffy, J. Emmett, Baker, Susan C., Thomson, Russell J., Stuart-Smith, Jemina, Hill, Nicole A., Kininmonth, Stuart J., Airoldi, Laura, Becerro, Mikel A., Campbell, Stuart J., Dawson, Terence P., Navarrete, Sergio A., Soler, German, Strain, Elisabeth M. A., Willis, Trevor J., and Edgar, Graham J. 2015. "The potential of trait-based approaches to contribute to marine conservation." Marine Policy, 51 148–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.07.002. 2015
• Ruckelshaus, M., Doney, S. C., Galindo, H. M., Barry, J. P., Chan, F., Duffy, J. Emmett, English, C. A., Gaines, S. D., Grebmeier, J. M., Hollowed, A. B., Knowlton, Nancy, Polovina, Jeffrey J., Rabalais, N. N., Sydeman, W. J., and Talley, L. D. 2013. "Securing ocean benefits for society in the face of climate change." Marine Policy, 40 154–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.01.009. 2013
• Doney, Scott C., Ruckelshaus, Mary, Duffy, J. Emmett, Barry, James, Chan, Francis, English, Chad A., Hines, Heather M., Grebmeier, Jacqueline M., Hollowed, Anne B., Knowlton, Nancy, Polovina, Jeffrey J., Rabalais, Nancy N., Sydeman, William J., and Talley, Lynne D. 2012. "Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems." Annual Review of Marine Science, 4 11–37. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-041911-111611. 2012
• Hultgren, Kristin M. and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2012. "Phylogenetic community ecology and the role of social dominance in sponge‐dwelling shrimp." Ecology Letters, 15, (7) 704–713. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01788.x. 2012
• Douglass, James G., Duffy, J. Emmett, and Canuel, Elizabeth A. 2011. "Food Web Structure in a Chesapeake Bay Eelgrass Bed as Determined through Gut Contents and ¹³C and ¹⁵NIsotope Analysis." Estuaries and Coasts, 34, (4) 701–711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-010-9356-4. 2011
• Hultgren, Kristin M. and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2011. "Multi-Locus Phylogeny of Sponge-Dwelling Snapping Shrimp (Caridea: Alpheidae: Synalpheus) Supports Morphology-Based Species Concepts." Journal of Crustacean Biology, 31, (2) 352–360. https://doi.org/10.1651/10-3382.1. 2011
• Hultgren, Kristin M., MacDonald, Kenneth S., III, and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2011. "Sponge-dwelling snapping shrimps (Alpheidae: Synalpheus) of Barbados, West Indies, with a description of a new eusocial species." Zootaxa, (2834) 1–16. 2011
• Douglass, James G., France, Kristin E., Richardson, J. Paul, and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2010. "Seasonal and interannual change in a Chesapeake Bay eelgrass community: insights into biotic and abiotic control of community structure." Limnology and Oceanography, 55, (4) 1499–1520. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.4.1499. 2010
• Hultgren, Kristin M. and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2010. "Sponge host characteristics shape the community structure of their shrimp associates." Marine Ecology Progress Series, 407 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08609. 2010
• Hultgren, Kristin M., MacDonald, Kenneth S., III, and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2010. "Sponge-dwelling snapping shrimps of Curacao, with descriptions of three new species." Zootaxa, (2372) 221–262. 2010
• MacDonald, Kenneth S., III, Hultgren, Kristin M., and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2009. "The sponge-dwelling snapping shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae, Synalpheus) of Discovery Bay, Jamaica, with descriptions of four new species." Zootaxa, (2199) 1–57. 2009
• Toth, Eva and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2008. "Influence of sociality on allometric growth and morphological differentiation in sponge-dwelling alpheid shrimp." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 94, (3) 527–540. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.01013.x. 2008
• Murawski, Steven, Methot, Richard, Tromble, Galen, Hilborn, Ray W., Briggs, John C., Worm, Boris, Barbier, Edward B., Beaumont, Nicola, Duffy, J. Emmett, Folke, Carl, Halpern, Benjamin S., Jackson, Jeremy B. C., Lotze, Heike K., Micheli, Fiorenza, Palumbi, Stephen R., Sala, Enric, Selkoe, Kimberley A., Stachowicz, John J., and Watson, Reg. 2007. "Biodiversity loss in the ocean: How bad is it?" Science, 316, (5829) 1281b–1284. 2007
• Worm, Boris, Barbier, Edward B., Beaumont, Nicola, Duffy, J. Emmett, Folke, Carl, Halpern, Benjamin S., Jackson, Jeremy B. C., Lotze, Heike K., Micheli, Fiorenza, Palumbi, Stephen R., Sala, Enric, Selkoe, Kimberley A., Stachowicz, John J., and Watson, Reg. 2007. "Response to Comments: "Impacts of Biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services"." Science, 316, (5829) 1285. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1138466. 2007

Chapter

• Howard, Jennifer, Babij, Eleanora, Griffis, Roger, Helmuth, Brian, Himes-Cornell, Amber, Niemier, Paul, Orbach, Michael, Petes, Laura, Allen, Stewart, Auad, Guillermo, Auer, Carol, Beard, Russell, Boatman, Mary, Bond, Nicholas, Boyer, Timothy, Brown, David, Clay, Patricia, Crane, Katherine, Cross, Scott, Dalton, Michael, Diamond, Jordan, Diaz, Robert, Dortch, Quay, Duffy, J. Emmett, Fauquier, Deborah et al. 2013. "Oceans and Marine Resources in a Changing Climate." In Oceanography and Marine Biology. 1st ed. Scourse, James, editor. 71–192. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press-Taylor & Francis Group. In Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Review, 51. 2013

Dataset

• Ritter, Carmen J., Harper, Leah M., Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Paul, Valerie J., Whippo, Ross D. B., Jones, Michael, Ogburn, Matthew B., and Duffy, J. Emmett. 2021. [Dataset] Data Push: Patterns of consumption across a Caribbean seascape: Roles of habitat and consumer species composition through time. Distributed by Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. https://doi.org/10.25573/SERC.16744585.V1. 2021
• Gross, Collin P., Duffy, J. Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E., Cusson, Mathiew, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Klemens, Fodrie, F. Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary L. et al. 2021. [Dataset] The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans. Distributed by Dryad. https://doi.org/10.25338/B83627. 2021
• Duffy, J. Emmett, Godwin, Casey M., and Cardinale, Bradley J. 2017. [Dataset] Extended Data Table for Biodiversity effects in the wild are common and as strong as key drivers of productivity. [Excel] Distributed by Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Research Online. 2017

Presentation

• Duffy, J. Emmett. 2011. Adapting to a Clear and Present Danger: Climate Change and Ocean Ecosystems [presentation]. American Association for the Advancement of Science,
• Duffy, J. Emmett. 2011. Attaining an Operational Marine Biodiversity Observing Network: Transforming Recommendations to Action [presentation]. National Council for Science and the Environment,
• Duffy, J. Emmett. 2015. Collaborative ecological research networks: Sociology, successes, and future
  opportunities [presentation]. Ecological Society of America, January 1, 2015.