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Fitzhugh, William

Fitzhugh, William

Senior Scientist, Curator of North American Archaeology and Director, Arctic Studies Center

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Fitzhugh, William

Senior Scientist, Curator of North American Archaeology and Director, Arctic Studies Center

Archeology and ethnology of northern Canada and United States, circumpolar regions, and Mongolia; Arctic material culture; Arctic social science policy; cultural ecology of the North; ethnographic and prehistoric maritime adaptations; culture and climatology

Positions

Geographic Focus

Background And Education

Education And Training

Awards And Honors

International Audience Summary Of Expertise

  • William Fitzhugh is an anthropologist specializing in circumpolar archaeology, ethnology and environmental studies. He first became interested in the North through canoeing in Ontario and his anthropological studies at Dartmouth College. After two years in the U.S. Navy he attended Harvard University where he received his PhD in anthropology in 1970, and thereafter took a position at the National Museum of Natural History.

    As director of the Arctic Studies Center and Curator in the Department of Anthropology at the National Museum of Natural History, Bill has spent more than forty years studying and publishing on arctic peoples and cultures in northern Canada, Alaska, Siberia, Scandinavia, and Mongolia. His archaeological and environmental research has focused upon the prehistory and paleoecology of northeastern North America, and broader aspects of his research feature the evolution of northern maritime adaptations, circumpolar culture contacts, cross-cultural studies and acculturation processes in the North, especially concerning Native-European contacts.

    As curator of the National Museum of Natural History's arctic collections, Bill has produced five nternational exhibitions, Inua: Spirit World of the Bering Sea Eskimos; Crossroads of Continents: Native Cultures of Siberia and Alaska; Ainu: Spirit of a Northern People; Vikings: The North Atlantic Saga, and Gifts from the Ancestors: Ancient Ivories from Bering Strait. His public and educational activities include the production of films, including the NOVA specials, "Mysteries of the Lost Red Paint People", "Norse America", and several other Viking films. He served as Chairman of the Smithsonian's Department of Anthropology from 1975-80 and again in 2002-2005, has been an Advisor to the Arctic Research Commission, represents the Smithsonian and arctic social science in various government councils, served on the Smithsonian Science Commission and holds various other administrative and advisory posts. Read More

Research And Grants

Investigator On

Publications

Selected Publications

  • Article

    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Beaudoin, Treena. 2025. "Documenting and Reconstructing Rene Levesque's Early Archaic Brador Mounds." Provincial Archaeology Office 2024 Archaeology Review, 23 75–87. 2025
    • Solazzo, Caroline and Fitzhugh, William W. 2024. "Proteomics identify bowhead whale muscle tissue and baleen in cinder residues at a 16th c. Basque whaling site." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104691. 2024
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Barreiro-Arguelles, Sarai, and Rivera-Amaro, Francisco. 2023. "A Small Basque Whaling Station in St. Paul River, Quebec." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 21 125–131. 2023
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Kortum, Richard. 2023. "Conjuring Deer Stones: Biographical Statuary of Bronze Age Central Asia and Siberia." Current World Archaeology, Jan 19, 2023, 117, (January), 1–26. London, United Kingdom. 2023
    • Barreiro-Argulles, Sarai, Fitzhugh, William W., Loewen, Brad, and Fitzhugh, Ben. 2023. "On the Question of the Tent Rings, Caribou, and Inuit in Northwest Newfoundland." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 21 7–17. 2023
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Loring, Stephen. 2022. "A Note on Shell Island-1 (GcBi-11) and Some Thoughts on the Labrador Ramah Chert Trade." Provincial Archaeology Office 2021 Archaeology Review, 20 74–80. 2022
    • Robson, Harry K., Lucquin, Alexandre, Admiraal, Marjolein, Dolbunova, Ekaterina, Adamczak, Kamil, Czekaj-Zastawny, Agnieszka, Fitzhugh, William W., Gumiński, Witold, Kabaciński, Jacek, Kotula, Andreas, Kukawka, Stanisław, Oras, Ester, Piezonka, Henny, Piličiauskas, Gytis, Sørensen, Søren A., Thielen, Laura, Wetzel, Günter, Meadows, John, Hartz, Sönke, Craig, Oliver E., and Heron, Carl P. 2022. "Light Production by Ceramic Using Hunter-Gatherer-Fishers of the Circum-Baltic." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2022.12. 2022
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2021. "An 1820s Forest Farm in the Fairlee Hills, Vermont." The Journal of Vermont Archaeology, 15 68–94. 2021
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2021. "Epilog: Reflections on the Fifth Thule Centennial." Alaska Journal of Anthropology, 19, (1) 264–269. 2021
    • Chechushkov, Igor V., Valiakhmetov, Iliya A., and Fitzhugh, William W. 2021. "From adaptation to niche construction: Weather as a winter site selection factor in northern Mongolia, the Quebec Lower North Shore, and the southern Urals." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2020.101258. 2021
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav. 2021. "Khadag and Zunii Gol: Animal Art and the Bronze to Iron Age Transition in Northern Mongolia." Vestnik, 66, (3) 908–933. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2021.313. 2021
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Martin, Jeff. 2021. "The Martin North River Site and the Saunders Phase in Labrador." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 19 62–74. 2021
    • Taylor, William Timothy Treal, Clark, Julia, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Tuvshinjargal, Tumurbaatar, Jobe, Jessica Thompson, Fitzhugh, William, Kortum, Richard, Spengler, Robert N., Shnaider, Svetlana, Seersholm, Frederik Valeur, Hart, Isaac, Case, Nicholas, Wilkin, Shevan, Hendy, Jessica, Thuering, Ulrike, Miller, Bryan, Miller, Alicia R. Ventresca, Picin, Andrea, Vanwezer, Nils, Irmer, Franziska, Brown, Samantha, Abdykanova, Aida, Shultz, Daniel R., Pham, Victoria, Bunce, Michael et al. 2020. "Author Correction: Early Pastoral Economies and Herding Transitions in Eastern Eurasia." Scientific Reports, 10, (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60516-2. 2020
    • Taylor, William Timothy Treal, Clark, Julia, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Tuvshinjargal, Tumurbaatar, Jobe, Jessica Thompson, Fitzhugh, William, Kortum, Richard, Spengler, Robert N., Shnaider, Svetlana, Seersholm, Frederik Valeur, Hart, Isaac, Case, Nicholas, Wilkin, Shevan, Hendy, Jessica, Thuering, Ulrike, Miller, Bryan, Miller, Alicia R. Ventresca, Picin, Andrea, Vanwezer, Nils, Irmer, Franziska, Brown, Samantha, Abdykanova, Aida, Shultz, Daniel R., Pham, Victoria, Bunce, Michael et al. 2020. "Early Pastoral Economies and Herding Transitions in Eastern Eurasia." Scientific Reports, 10, (1) Article 1001. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57735-y. 2020
    • Taylor, William, Fantoni, Marcello, Marchina, Charlotte, Lepetz, Sébastien, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Houle, Jean-Luc, Pham, Victoria, and Fitzhugh, William W. 2020. "Horse sacrifice and butchery in Bronze Age Mongolia." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 31 Article 102313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102313. 2020
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Mlyniec, Michael, Chechushkov, Igor, and Loewen, Brad. 2020. "Kettle Head and the Inuit of Grand Isle: Basques, Boulder Pits, and Excavations on the Quebec Lower North Shore." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 18, (2019) 61–70. 2020
    • Fitzhugh, William, DePriest, Paula T., Solazzo, Caroline, and Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav. 2019. "Darkhad Textile Recovery and Conservation Project." Arctic Studies Newsletter, 26 61–62. 2019
    • Marchman, Jacob, Fitzhugh, William W., and Maisel, Mary. 2019. "Gateways 2018: More Evidence from Hart Chalet, Grand Plain, Belles Amours, and Grand Isle." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 17, (2018) 157–168. 2019
    • Marchman, Jacob A., Fitzhugh, William W., and Maisel, Mary. 2019. "Gateways 2018: More Evidence from Hart Chalet, Grand Plain, Belles Amours, and Grand Isle." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 17, (2018) 155–166. 2019
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2019. "Paradise Gained, Lost, and Regained: Pulse Migration and the Inuit Archaeology of the Quebec Lower North Shore." Arctic Anthropology, 56, (1) 52–76. https://doi.org/10.3368/aa.56.1.52. 2019
    • Taylor, William, Wilkin, Shevan, Wright, Joshua, Dee, Michael, Erdene, Myagmar, Clark, Julia, Tuvshinjargal, Tumurbaatar, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Fitzhugh, William, and Boivin, Nicole L. 2019. "Radiocarbon dating and cultural dynamics across Mongolia's early pastoral transition." PLOS ONE, 14, (11) Article e0224241. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224241. 2019
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Luukkanen, Harri T. 2019. "The Indigenous Watercraft of Northern Eurasia." Sankt-Peterburgskii Universitet.Vestnik., 64, (2) 476–500. 2019
    • Brake, Jamie and Fitzhugh, William W. 2019. "The Rigolet Archaeological survey Project 2018." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 17, (2018) 27–37. 2019
    • Taylor, William Timothy Treal, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Tuvshinjargal, Tumurbaatar, Bender, Scott, Tromp, Monica, Clark, Julia, Lowry, K. Bryce, Houle, Jean-Luc, Staszewski, Dimitri, Whitworth, Jocelyn, Fitzhugh, William W., and Boivin, Nicole. 2018. "Origins of equine dentistry." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115, (29) E6707–E6715. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721189115. 2018
    • Marchman, Jacob and Fitzhugh, William W. 2018. "The Gateways Project 2017: Hart Chalet, Grand Plain, Grand Isle, and Belles Amours." Provincial Archaeology 2017 Annual Review, 16 101–110. 2018
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Brake, Jamie. 2018. "The Rigolet Project IV: Mason Island, Snooks Cove, and Lake Melville." Provincial Archaeology 2017 Annual Review, 16 93–100. 2018
    • Cole, Daniel G. and Fitzhugh, William W. 2017. "Exhibiting the Interconnections between Inuit, Narwhals, and Arctic Climate Change." Cartouche, (93/94) 29–33. 2017
    • Cole, Daniel G. and Fitzhugh, William W. 2017. "Exhibiting the Interconnections between Inuit, Narwhals, and Climate Change." Cartouche, (93/94) 29–33. 2017
    • Solazzo, Caroline, Fitzhugh, William W., Kaplan, Susan, Potter, Charles, and Dyer, Jolon M. 2017. "Molecular markers in keratins from Mysticeti whales for species identification of baleen in museum and archaeological collections." PLOS ONE, 12, (8) 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183053. 2017
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2017. "Mongolian Deer Stones, European Menhirs, and Canadian Arctic Inuksuit: Collective Memory and the Function of Northern Monument Traditions." Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 24, (1) 149–187. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-017-9328-0. 2017
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Brake, Jamie, and Jolicoeur, Patrick. 2017. "The Rigolet Project 2016: Groswater Bay, Narrows, and Eastern Lake Melville." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 15, (2016) 48–54. 2017
    • Jolicoeur, Patrick and Fitzhugh, William W. 2016. "2015 Excavations at the Hart chalet Inuit Village." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 14, (2015) 121–125. 2016
    • Jolicoeur, Patrick, Brake, Jamie, Fitzhugh, William W., and Davies, Michelle. 2016. "A Survey of the Islands in Southern Groswater Bay." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 14, (2015) 107–120. 2016
    • Seersholm, Frederik Valeur, Pedersen, Mikkel Winther, Søe, Martin Jensen, Shokry, Hussein, Mak, Sarah Siu Tze, Ruter, Anthony, Raghavan, Maanasa, Fitzhugh, William W., Kjær, Kurt H., Willerslev, Eske, Meldgaard, Morten, Kapel, Christian M. O., and Hansen, Anders Johannes. 2016. "DNA evidence of bowhead whale exploitation by Greenlandic Paleo-Inuit 4,000 years ago." Nature Communications, 7 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms13389. 2016
    • Jolicoeur, Patrick and Fitzhugh, William W. 2016. "Excavation and Survey along Quebec's Lower North Shore." Provincial Archaeology Newsletter, 15 123–135. 2016
    • DePriest, Paula T. and Fitzhugh, William W. 2015. "Preserving Mongolia's Heritage." Arctic Studies Center Newsletter, (22) 40–41. 2015
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2015. "Rigolet surveys and excavations at the Hart Chalet Inuit site, Brador." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 13, (2014) 48–53. 2015
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2015. "The Inuit Archaeology of the Quebec Lower North Shore." Études Inuit. Inuit Studies, 39, (1) 37–62. https://doi.org/10.7202/1036077ar. 2015
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2015. "The Tuvaaluk and Torngat Archaeological Projects: Review and Assessment." Études Inuit. Inuit Studies, 39, (2) 27–60. 2015
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2014. "After Red Bay: A Basque and Inuit Joint Venture on the Quebec Lower North Shore." Revista Internacional de los Estudios Vascos, 59, (2) 320–348. 2014
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Phaneuf, Erik. 2014. "Basques and Inuit at Hare Harbor-1 and the Inuit Hart Chalet Site on the Quebec Lower North Shore." Newfoundland Provincial Archaeology Review, 2013 33–49. 2014
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2014. "Frederica deLaguna (1906-2004): Memorial Essay (reprint: in Russian)." Archaeology of the Arctic (Arkheologiia Arktiki), 2 213–232. 2014
    • Raghavan, Maanasa, DeGiorgio, Michael, Albrechtsen, Anders, Moltke, Ida, Skoglund, Pontus, Korneliussen, Thorfinn S., Grønnow, Bjarne, Appelt, Martin, Gulløv, Hans Christian, Friesen, T. M., Fitzhugh, William W., Malmström, Helena, Rasmussen, Simon, Olsen, Jesper, Melchior, Linea, Fuller, Benjamin T., Fahrni, Simon M., Stafford, Thomas, Grimes, Vaughan, Renouf, M. A. P., Cybulski, Jerome, Lynnerup, Niels, Lahr, Marta Mirazon, Britton, Kate, Knecht, Rick et al. 2014. "The genetic prehistory of the New World Arctic." Science, 345, (6200) 1020. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1255832. 2014
    • Halfar, Jochen, Adey, Walter H., Kronz, Andreas, Hetzinger, Steffen, Edinger, Evan, and Fitzhugh, William W. 2013. "Arctic sea-ice decline archived by multicentury annual-resolution record from crustose coralline algal proxy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110, (49) 19737–19741. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1313775110. 2013
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Phaneuf, Erik. 2013. "Basque and Inuit Archaeology at Hare Harbor-1 and little Canso Island-1, Quebec lower North Shore." Newfoundland Provincial Archaeology Review, 11, (2012) 48–73. 2013
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2012. "Call Me "Tiger": Ernest S. Burch, Jr., the Smithsonian, and Remembrance." Arctic Anthropology, 49, (2) 221–226. 2012
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2012. "Inuit Archaeology on the Quebec Lower North Shore in 2010." Newfoundland Provincial Archaeology Review, 10 63–76. 2012
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2011. "An Inuit Winter House on Petit Mecatina (Hare Harbor-1, EdBt-3) and Notes on the Harp Seal Failure of 2010." Newfoundland Provincial Archaeology Review, 9, (March) 37–50. 2011
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Basques and Inuit on the Quebec Lower North Shore: 2009 Field Report." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 8, (2009) 50–61. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Changing Cultures and Climate in the Arctic: Prehistory to Modern Times." AnthroNotes, 31, (1) 13–17. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Elmer Harp, Jr. (1913-2009)." Arctic, 63, (2) 252–254. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Inuit Archaeology on the Quebec Lower North Shore in 2011." Newfoundland Provincial Archaeology Review, 10 63–76. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Krupnik, Igor, and Muller-Wille, Ludger. 2010. "Laying the Groundwork for Arctic Social Science 1985-1990." Northern Notes: Newsletter of the Arctic Social Science Association, 18–20. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Laying the Groundwork for Arctic Social Sciences, 1985–1990." Northern Notes: Journal of the International Arctic Social Science Association, 33 18–19. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Changing Cultures and Climate in the Arctic: Prehistory to Modern Times." AnthroNotes, 30, (2) 13–17. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Inuit Sites Found at Petit Mécatina and Brador: St. Lawrence Gateways Project 2008." Provincial Archaeology Office Annual Review, 7, (2008) 38–50. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Stone Shamans and Flying Deer of Northern Mongolia: Deer Goddess of Siberia or Chimera of the Steppe?" Arctic Anthropology, 46, (1-2) 72–88. https://doi.org/10.1353/arc.0.0025. 2009
    • Solazzo, Caroline, Fitzhugh, William W., Rolando, Christian, and Tokarski, Caroline. 2008. "Identification of Protein Remains in Archaeological Potsherds by Proteomics." Analytical Chemistry, 80, (12) 4590–4597. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac800515v. 2008
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2007. "Underwater Archaeology at the Hare Harbor Basque Site at Petit Mecatina." Archaeology in Newfoundland & Labrador, 5 45–57. 2007

  • Book

    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2023. Archaeology of Bronze Age Mongolia: A Deer Stone Diary. Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution and Inuit Press International. 2023
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Barreiro-Arguelles, Sarai, Amaro, Francisco Rivera, and Fitzhugh, Ben. 2023. Smithsonian 2022 Surveys in Northwest Newfoundland and Testing a Basque Whaling Station in St. Paul River, Quebec. Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center. 2023
    • Luukkanen, Harri and Fitzhugh, William W. 2020. The Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of Northern Eurasia. Washington DC: Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2020
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2017. Surveys in Groswater Bay and excavations at Hart Chalet and St. Paul River, Quebec. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution; Arctic Studies Center. 2017
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2017. The Gateways Project 2016: Surveys in Groswater Bay, Labrador, and St. Paul River, Quebec, and Excavations at Hart Chalet. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2017
    • The Gateways Project 2015: Archaeological Surveys in Groswater Bay and Excavations at Hart Chalet.  Ed. Fitzhugh, William.  2016
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2015. The Gateways Project 2014: Land Excavations at Hart Chalet. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2015
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Richard, Wilfred. 2014. Maine to Greenland: Exploring the Maritime Far Northeast. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. 2014
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Phaneuf, Eric. 2014. The Gateways Project 2013: Land and Underwater Excavations at Hare Harbor and Brador. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2014
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2013. Frederica de Laguna 1906-2004, a biographical memoir. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences. 2013
    • Rock Art and Archaeology: Investigating Ritual Landscape in the Mongolian Altai 2012.  Ed. Fitzhugh, William.  2013
    • The Gateways Project 2012: land and Underwater Excavations at Hare Harbor, Petit Mecatina, and Little Canso Island.  Ed. Fitzhugh, William.  2013
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2012. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2011. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2012
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2012. The Gateways Project 2011: Land & Underwater Excavations at Hare Harbor, Mécatina. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2012
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Bayarsaikhan, J. 2010. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2009. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. The Gateways Project 2009: Land Excavations at Hare Harbor, Mécatina. Washington DC: Arctic Studies Center, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Bayarsaikhan, J. 2009. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2008. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Bayarsaikhan, J. 2008. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2007. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2008
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2007. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2006. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2007
    • Rogers, J. Daniel and Fitzhugh, William W. 2007. Progress Report on the 2004 Memorandum of Understanding: Report on the MOU between The Mongolian Academy of Sciences, The National Museum of Mongolian History, and the Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2007

  • Chapter

    • Chechushkov, Igor, Rodin, Mikhail M., Semyan, Ivan A., and Fitzhugh, William W. 2025. "Crossroads 2: Bridges to the Future: Exchange and Dissemination of Anthropological Knowledge in a New Cold War Era." In A Fractured North – Maintaining Connections. Kasten, Erich, Fondal, Gail, and Krupnik, Igor, editors. Fürstenberg/Havel: Kulturstiftung Sibirien. 2025
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Kortum, Richard, and Cole, Daniel. 2024. "Rock Art and Archaeology of the Mongolian Altai: A Crossroads of Cultures." In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Mongolian Studies Conference. Sarul-Erdene, Myagmar, editor. 9–13. Washington, DC: Washington DC Mongolian Cultural Center and Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center. In Mongolian Cultural Center Conference Series. 2024
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2023. "Archaeology of the North American Arctic." In Encyclopedia of Archaeology. 2nd ed. Nikita, E. and Rehren, T., editors. 1–31. London, England: Elsevier. 2023
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2022. "Northeast Asia Prehistory 'In the Twinkling of an Eye'." In Maritime Prehistory of Northeast Asia. Cassidy, James, Ponkratova, Irina, and Fitzhugh, Benjamin, editors. 1–15. Singapore: Springer. In Archaeology of Asia Pacific Navigation, 2524-7468. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1118-7. 2022
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2020. "Riding the Harp Seal Highway: Modeling Climate, Sea Ice Pulsations, and Inuit Migrations in the Eastern Subarctic." In Arctic Crashes: People and Animals in the Changing North. Krupnik, Igor and Crowell, Aron L., editors. 79–99. Washington DC: Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2020
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2020. "Treasures from the Earth; Echoes of the Past." In Yua: Spirit of the Arctic. Highlights from the Thomas C. Fowler Collection. Olcott, Hillary, editor. 42–67. San Francisco, California: Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco. 2020
    • Nweeia, Martin T. and Fitzhugh, William W. 2017. "A World of Questions." In Narwhal: Revealing an Arctic Legend. Fitzhugh, William W. and Nweeia, Martin T., editors. xv–xxvii. Hanover, New Hampshire and Washington DC: IPI Press and Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center. 2017
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Engelstad, Bernadette. 2017. "Inuguat: Prehistoric Human Figurines of the North American Arctic." In The Oxford handbook of prehistoric figurines. Insoll, Timothy, editor. 367–390. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. In Oxford handbooks in archaeology. 2017
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2016. "Archaeology of the Inuit of Southern Labrador and the Quebec Lower North Shore." In The Oxford Handbook of the Prehistoric Arctic. Friesen, T. Max and Mason, O., editors. 931–953. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766956.013.47. 2016
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2016. "Foreword." In An Intimate Wilderness: travels across a land of vast horizons. Hallendy, Norman, editor. 19–21. Vancouver, Berkeley: Greystone Publishers. 2016
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2016. "Frederica de Laguna: The Last Arctic Universalist and Bridge to the Future." In Early Inuit Studies: Themes and Transitions, 1850s-1980s. Krupnik, Igor, editor. 219–241. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2016
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2016. "Solving the "Eskimo Problem": Henry Bascom Collins and Arctic Archaeology." In Early Inuit Studies: Themes and Transitions, 1850s-1980s. Krupnik, Igor, editor. 165–192. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2016
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2014. "Climate modeling of sea ice, harp seals, and Eskimos." In Climates of change: the shifting environment of archaeology. Proceedings of the 44th Annual Chacmool Conference. Kulyk, Sheila, Tremain, C. G., and Sawyer, M., editors. 23–52. Calgary: Chacmool Archaeological Association, University of Calgary. 2014
    • Lymer, Kenneth, Fitzhugh, William W., and Kortum, Richard. 2014. "Deer Stones and Rock Art in Mongolia during the Second the First Millenia BC." In Deer and People. Baker, Karis and Carden, R.,Madgwick R., editors. 159–172. Oxford: Oxbow Books. 2014
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2014. "The Ipiutak spirit-scape: an archaeological phenomenon." In The Foragers of Point Hope: the Biology and Archaeology of Humans on the Edge of the Alaskan Arctic. 266–290. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 2014
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2013. "Foreword." In Inupiaq Ethnohistory. Selected Essays by Ernest S. Burch, Jr. Erica Hill, editor. vii. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press. 2013
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2011. "Mapping Ritual Landscapes in Bronze Age Mongolia and Beyond: Interpreting the Ideoscape of the Deer Stone-Khirigsuur Complex." In Mapping Mongolia: Situating Mongolia in the World from Geologic Time to the Present. Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, editor. 166–192. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum. 2011
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Herzog, Anja, Perdikaris, Sophia, and McLeod, Brenna. 2011. "Ship to Shore: Inuit, Early Europeans, and Maritime Landscapes in the Northern Gulf of St. Lawrence." In The Archaeology of Maritime Landscapes: When the Land Meets the Sea. Ford, Ben, editor. 99–108. New York: Springer. 2011
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Arctic Cultures and Global Theory: Historical Tracks along the Circumpolar Road." In A Circumpolar Reappraisal: The Legacy of Gutorm Gjessing (1906-1979). Westerdahl, Christer, editor. 87–109. Oxford: Archaeopress. In BAR International series. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Deer Stones and Khirigsuurs." In Mongolia Nomad Empire of the Eternal Blue Sky. Robinson, Carl, editor. 396–397. Hong Kong: Odyssey Books and Guides. 2010
    • Karas, Basiliki Vicky, Beaubien, Harriet F., and Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Documenting Mongolia’s deer stones: application of 3D laser scanning technology to archaeological conservation. Chapter 13." In The Conservation of Archaeological Materials: Current trends and future directions. Williams, Emily and Peachy, Claire, editors. 103–112. Oxford: Archaeopress. In BAR International series ; no. S2116. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "Millennia of Change: Dynamics of Culture and Environment Along the Northern Forest Fringe." In Papers from the Third Northern Archaeological Congress, Khanty-Mansiisk, Russia, 8-13 November, 2010. Golovnev, Andrei V., editor. 143–162. Khanty-Mansiisk, Russia: Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2010. "The arctic and subarctic." In Indians nations of North America. Viola, Herman J., editor. 102. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. ""Of No Ordinary Importance": Reversing Polarities in Smithsonian Arctic Studies." In Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science. Krupnik, Igor, Lang, Michael A., and Miller, Scott E., editors. 61–78. In IPY. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.097884601X.6. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Crowell, Aron L. 2009. "Ancestors and Ivories: Art of the Ancient Bering Sea." In Gifts for the Ancestors: Ancient Ivories From Bering Sea. Hollowell, Julie and Crowell, Aron L., editors. 18–41. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Eagles, Beasts, and Gods: Art of the Old Bering Sea Harpoon Complex." In Gifts for the Ancestors: Ancient Ivories From Bering Sea. Hollowell, Julie and Crowell, Aron L., editors. 162–189. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Exploring cultural boundaries: the less 'invisible' Inuit of southern Labrador and Quebec." In On the track of the Thule culture from Bering Strait to East Greenland. Gronnow, Bjarne, editor. 129–148. Copenhagen: National Museum of Denmark. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Genghis Khan: Empire and Legacy." In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire. Rossabi, Morris and Honeychurch, William, editors. 22–39. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Hamilton Inlet, Coastal Eastern Labrador: Cultural Boundary Shifts Along a Forest-Tundra Frontier." In Archaeology in America: an Encyclopedia. McManamon, Francis P., Cordell, Linda S., Lightfoot, Kent G., and Milner, George R., editors. 4:343–4:348. Westport, Connecticut; London: Greenwood Press. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Labrador, Newfoundland, and Quebec (Canada): Basque Whaling and Fishing Sites from the 1500s." In Archaeology in America: an Encyclopedia. McManamon, Francis P., Cordell, Linda S., Lightfoot, Kent C., and Milner, George R., editors. 87–91. Westport, Connecticut; London: Greenwood Press. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Nomads with Cell Phones." In Mongolia: Land of the Deer Stone. Ling, Elaine, editor. xi–xiii. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Notes on Art, Style, and Cultures." In Gifts for the Ancestors: Ancient Ivories From Bering Sea. Hollowell, Julie and Crowell, Aron L., editors. 88–93. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "Pre-Scythian Khirigsuurs, Deer Stone Art, and Bronze Age Cultural Intensification in Northern Mongolia." In New Research Directions in Eurasian Steppe Archaeology: the Emergence of complex societies in the Third to First Millennium BCE. Linduff, Katheryn, editor. 378–411. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2009
    • Honeychurch, William, Fitzhugh, William W., and Rossabi, Morris. 2009. "Precursor to Empire: Early Cultures and Prehistoric Peoples." In Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire. Rossabi, Morris and Honeychurch, William, editors. 74–83. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "The Ancient Stone Men of Mongolia." In Mongolia: Land of the Deer Stone. Ling, Elaine, editor. v–xiii. Revere, Pennsylvania: Lodima Press. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. "The Mongolian Deer Stone-Khirigsuur Complex: Dating and Organiation of a Late Bronze Age Menagerie." In Current Archaeological Research in Mongolia. Bemmann, Jan, Parzinger, Hermann, Pohl, Ernst, and Tseveendorzh, Damdinsuren, editors. 183–199. Bonn: Vor- und Fruhgeschichtliche Archeologie , Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2008. "Arctic and Circumpolar Regions." In Encyclopedia of Archaeology. Pearsall, Deborah M., editor. 247–271. New York: Academic Press. 2008
    • Cioffi-Revilla, C., Luke, S., Parker, D. C., Rogers, J. Daniel, Fitzhugh, William W., Honeychurch, William, Frohlich, Bruno, DePriest, Paula T., and Amartuvshin, C. 2007. "Agent-Based Modeling Simulation of Social Adaptation and Long-Term Change in Inner Asia." In Advancing Social Simulation: The First World Congress. Takahashi, S., Sallach, D., and Rouchier, J., editors. 189–200. Tokyo: Springer. 2007
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2007. "Dartmouth College: A Northern Tradition." In Think Ice, Inuit Traditions Within a Changing Environment. Stuckenburger, Anja Nicole, editor. 7–10. Hanover, New Hampshire: Hood Museum of Art. 2007
    • Beaubien, Harriet F., Karas, B. V., and Fitzhugh, William W. 2007. "Documenting Mongolia's Deer Stones: Application of Three-Dimensional Digital Imaging Technology to Preservation." In Scientific Research on the Sculptural Arts of Asia. Proceedings of the Third Forbes Symposium at the Freer Gallery of Art. 133–142. 2007
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2007. "Foreword." In Arctic, Our Crystal World: documentary Photos from the Arctic Through 40 Years. Sillis, Ivars, editor. 4–5.. Copenhagen: Nordatlantens Brygge. 2007

  • Conference Paper

    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2023. "Deer Stones and the Bronze to Iron Age Transition in Mongolia." from 15th Annual International Mongolian Studies Conference in Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Mongolian Studies Conference. 15, 83–89. (Library of Congress Asia Division) Washington D.C.: Mongolia Studies Center. 2023
    • Crowell, Aron L., Krupnik, Igor, Fitzhugh, William W., Engelstad, Bernadette, Dean, Bernadette, Harper, Kenneth, MacKenzie, Scott, Michelsen, Knud, Kleist, Mari, Griebel, Brendan, Sonne, Birgitte, Pratt, Kenneth, Shokarev, Sergei, Schwalbe, Daria, Appelt, Martin, Nielsen, Bent, Norbert, Eileen, and Bronshtein, Michael. 2021. "From Greenland to the Pacific: Centennial of the Fifth Thule Expedition, 1921-1924." in Alaska Journal of Anthropology. 19 (1-2), iii–269. 46th Annual meeting of the Alaska Anthropological Association (Nome, Alaska) 2019-02-28. Alaska Anthropological Association. 2021
    • Cole, Daniel G. and Fitzhugh, William W. 2020. "Visualization and Spatial Analysis of Archaeological Landscape Ritual in the Mongolian Altai." from 14th Annual Mongolian Studies Conference "Art and Culture Among the Mongols". 13, 13–21. (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History) 2020-02-07. Washington, DC: Mongolia Cultural Center. 2020

  • Report

    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Amaro, Francisco Rivera. 2024. Excavating a Basque Whaling Station at Bonne Espérance-4, St. Paul River, Quebec. Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution. Fitzhugh, William W. Arctic Studies Center Quebec Field Reports. 2024
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2024. Newfoundland-Quebec 2024 Field Diary: Newfoundland Activities and Reconstructing Brador Mound #2. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution: Arctic Studies Center. 2024
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2023. 2023 Quebec Field Report: Archaeology of a Basque Whaling Station in St. Paul River, Quebec Lower North Shore. Washington DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution. 2023
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2020. The Gateways Project 2019: Excavations at Hart Chalet, Grand Isle, and Bonne Esperance. Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. 2020
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2019. The Gateways Project 2018: Surveys in Groswater Bay and Excavations at Hart Chalet, Grand Isle, and Grand Plain. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. Fitzhugh, William W. Arctic Studies Center Field Reports. 2019
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2019. The Gateways Project 2019. Excavations at Hart Chalet, Grand Isle, and Bonne Esperance. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution. In Arctic Studies Center Field Reports. 2019
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2018. The Gateways Project 2017: Surveys in Groswater Bay, Labrador, and Excavations at Hart Chalet and St. Paul River, Quebec. Fitzhugh, William W. ed. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. In Arctic Studies Center Gateways Project Reports. 2018
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2008. Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, editor. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2009. The Gateways Project 2008. Land and Underwater Excavations at Hare Harbor, Mecatina. Ford, Ben, editor. Washington DC: Arctic Studies Center. 2009
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav. 2008. American Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2007. Fitzhugh, William W., editor. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2008
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Phaneuf, Erik. 2008. The Gateways Project 2007: Land and Underwater Excavations at Hare Harbor, Mecatina. Fitzhugh, William W., editor. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2008

  • Review

    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2013. [Book review] "Archaeology and the Sea in Scandinavia and Britain. A Personal Account." The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, 8, 144–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564894.2012.736918. 2013
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2012. [Book review] "Prehistory of Port au Choix: History, Cultures, and Landscape." Newfoundland and Labrador Studies, 27, (1), 129–136. 2012

  • Webpage

    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2011. Edward W. Nelson Alaska Diaries 1877-1881. 2011
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Phaneuf, Erik. 2008. Excavations at the Hare Harbor Basque Site (EdBt-3), Petit Mecatina, Quebec, 2007. 2008

Editor Of

  • Book

    • Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav. 2023. Deer Stones of Northern Mongolia, Fitzhugh, William W., editor. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center and IPI Press. 2023
    • Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav. 2022. Deer Stones of Northern Mongolia, Fitzhugh, William W., editor. Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center and International Polar Institute Press. 2022
    • Richard, Wilfred E. 2021. Northern Light: My Life Behind a Lens, Fitzhugh, William W. and Ramsfield, Gracie, editors. Hanover, NH: Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center and IPI Press. 2021
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Nweeia, Martin T., editors. 2017. Narwhal: Revealing an Arctic Legend. Hanover, New Hampshire: IPI Press and Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center. 2017
    • Fitzhugh, William W. 2016. The Gateways Project 2015: Archaeological Surveys in Groswater Bay and Excavations at Hart Chalet, Fitzhugh, William W., Marchman, Jacob, and Slotten, Chelsi, editors. Washington DC: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution. 2016
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Kortuym, Richard, and Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav. 2013. Rock Art and Archaeology: Investigating Ritual Landscape in the Mongolian Altai 2012, Fitzhugh, William W., editor. Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center. 2013
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Phaneuf, Erik, Delmas, Vincent, Herzog, Anja, Poulin, Jennifer, and Oyarbide, Lourdes Odriozola. 2013. The Gateways Project 2012: land and Underwater Excavations at Hare Harbor, Petit Mecatina, and Little Canso Island, Fitzhugh, William W., editor. Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center. 2013
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Fleming, Laura, and Marr, Lauren, editors. 2012. 18th Inuit Studies Conference Program: Arctic / Inuit / Connections. Learning From the Top of the World. October 24-28, 2012. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center, Smithsonian Institution. 2012
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Kortum, Richard, editors. 2012. Rock Art and Archaeology: Investigating Ritual Landscape in the Mongolian Altai. Field Report 2011. Washington, DC: Arctic Studies Center. 2012
    • Fitzhugh, William W., editor. 2011. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2011. 2011
    • Fitzhugh, William W. and Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, editors. 2010. American-Mongolian Deer Stone Project: Field Report 2009. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center . 2010
    • Fitzhugh, William W., Rossabi, Morris, and Honeychurch, William, editors. 2009. Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire. Washington D.C.: Arctic Studies Center. 2009
    • Hood, Bryan C. 2008. Towards an archaeology of the Nain Region, Labrador, Fitzhugh, William W., editor. Washington, D.C.: Arctic Studies Center, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. In Contributions to circumpolar anthropology ; v. 7. 2008

Activities

Responsible Collections Areas

  • Arctic and circumpolar archaeology, ethnology, and environment

Outreach Overview

  • Exhibitions, lectures, popular books and catalogs on northern topics, indigenous collaborations

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