Songer, Melissa
Conservation Ecologist
Melissa Songer is a Conservation Biologist leading international conservation projects at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, among them the Smithsonian Myanmar Biodiversity Initiative, the reintroduction of Scimitar-Horned Oryx in Chad, the Giant Panda Conservation & Capacity Building Program in China, and the restoration of Przewalski’s horse populations in China and Mongolia. Her research integrates ecological field work, remote sensing, and animal tracking with community-based conservation efforts to restore and maintain conservation-dependent species in the wild. She is also a leader in expanding Smithsonian’s conservation capacity-building programs through mentoring, training, and workshops in the U.S. and abroad, resulting in the training of over 1,000 conservation practitioners from over 40 countries. Melissa is a science lead for the Smithsonian's Conservation Commons, and a researcher with Working Land & Seascapes network and the Movement of Life initiative.
Geographic Focus
Background And Education
Education And Training
- Ph.D. in Conservation Biology, University of Maryland , Geography 2002 - 2006
- M.S. in Landscape Ecology, University of Oklahoma , Zoology 1992 - 1996
- B.Sc. in Environmental Science, Georgetown College , Biology 1988 - 1992
Awards And Honors
- Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Award, conferred by Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Awards, 2018
Public Biography
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Melissa Songer is a Conservation Biologist at Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute's (SCBI) Conservation Ecology Center. She works primarily on the conservation and landscape ecology of endangered species in Asia and Chad. She uses advanced geospatial technologies to detect human transformation of landscapes and assess its impacts on endangered species and their habitats. Her research integrates extensive collection of ecological data in the field including surveys of endangered species, their movements, and assessments of human communities, with spatial models. She develops science-based strategies for sustaining and restoring species and ecosystems and works extensively with partners on the ground to implement conservation solutions.
Songer's current projects include restoring Przewalski's horses to their native range in China and Mongolia, movements of Asian elephants, human-elephant conflict in changing landscapes in Asia, restoring and tracking scimitar-horned oryx in Chad, and restoring giant panda landscapes in China. She also leads the Smithsonian's Myanmar Initiative to study and sustain the biodiversity of this critical global hotspot. This is a pan-science Smithsonian initiative with the goal of leveraging existing resources and expertise to answer fundamental questions about biology of species, drivers of extinction, landscape function, and ecosystem health.
Songer integrates capacity building with all her research and conservation programs through training and mentoring protected area staff, conservation professionals, and graduate students in conservation GIS and wildlife monitoring. She conducts courses and workshops in the U.S. and abroad and has trained more than 900 individuals representing over 40 countries.
Research And Grants
Research Overview
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Melissa Songer is a Conservation Biologist leading international conservation projects at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, among them the Smithsonian Myanmar Biodiversity Initiative, the reintroduction of Scimitar-Horned Oryx in Chad, the Giant Panda Conservation & Capacity Building Program in China, and the restoration of Przewalski’s horse populations in China and Mongolia. Her research integrates ecological field work, remote sensing, and animal tracking with community-based conservation efforts to restore and maintain conservation-dependent species in the wild. She is also a leader in expanding Smithsonian’s conservation capacity-building programs through mentoring, training, and workshops in the U.S. and abroad, resulting in the training of over 1,000 conservation practitioners from over 40 countries.
Co-principal Investigator On
Investigator On
- Accelerating the Smithsonian's Conservation Management Strategy in Myanmar awarded by Leona M. & Harry B. Helmsley Chartiable Trust
- Przewalski's Horse Restoration in the Kalameili Nature Reserve, Xinjiang, China awarded by Association of Zoos and Aquariums
- SCBI Spatial analysis and monitoring of the movement of reintroduced scimitar-horned oryx in Chad awarded by Sahara Conservation Fund
- Strengthening Przewalski's Horse Populations in Hustai Nuruu National Park, Mongolia awarded by AZA Conservation Grants Fund
- Supporting Integrated Protected Area Land and Seascape Management in Tanintharyi. awarded by Leona M. & Harry B. Helmsley Chartiable Trust
Publications
Selected Publications
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Article
- Zhang, Dongyao, Yang, Hongbo, Zhang, Jindong, Xu, Min, Xu, Weihua, Fu, Jianchao, Feng, Bin, Zhang, Hu, Huang, Qiongyu, Wu, Daifu, Zhang, Zejun, Songer, Melissa, and Hull, Vanessa. 2024. "Effects of climate warming on soil nitrogen cycles and bamboo growth in core giant panda habitat." Science of The Total Environment, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173625. 2024
- Cooper, W. Justin, McShea, William J., Songer, Melissa, Huang, Qiongyu, and Luther, David A. 2023. "Harmonizing spatial scales and ecological theories to predict avian richness and functional diversity within forest ecosystems." Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 290, (2001). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0742. 2023
- Zahoor, Babar, Songer, Melissa A., Liu, Xuehua, Huang, Qiongyu, and Dai, Yunchuan. 2023. "Identifying stable and overlapping habitats for a predator (common leopard) and prey species (Himalayan grey goral & Himalayan grey langur) in northern Pakistan." Global Ecology and Conservation, 43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02418. 2023
- de Silva, Shermin, Wu, Tiffany, Nyhus, Philip, Weaver, Ashley, Thieme, Alison, Johnson, Josiah, Wadey, Jamie, Mossbrucker, Alexander, Vu, Thinh, Neang, Thy, Chen, Becky Shu, Songer, Melissa, and Leimgruber, Peter. 2023. "Land-use change is associated with multi-century loss of elephant ecosystems in Asia." Scientific Reports, 13, (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30650-8. 2023
- Huang, Qiongyu, Xu, Jin, Wong, Jesse Pan, Radeloff, Volker C., and Songer, Melissa. 2023. "Prioritizing global tall forests toward the 30‐by‐30 goal." Conservation Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14135. 2023
- Majaliwa, M. M., Hughey, L. F., Stabach, J. A., Songer, Melissa, Whyle, K., Alhashmi, A. E. A., Al Remeithi, M., Pusey, R., Chaibo, H. A., Walsoumon, A. Ngari, Hatcha, M. Hassan, Wacher, T., Ngaba, C., Newby, J., Leimgruber, P., and Mertes, K. 2022. "Experience and social factors influence movement and habitat selection in scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) reintroduced into Chad." Movement Ecology, 10, (1) 47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-022-00348-z. 2022
- Zahoor, Babar, Liu, Xuehua, Dai, Yunchuan, Kumar, Lalit, and Songer, Melissa. 2022. "Identifying the habitat suitability and built-in corridors for Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) movement in the northern highlands of Pakistan." Ecological Informatics, 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101532. 2022
- Bai, Wenke, Zhang, Jindong, He, Ke, Zhao, Shanshan, Gu, Xiaodong, Hu, Jie, Songer, Melissa, Zhou, Caiquan, Dong, Xin, and Huang, Qiongyu. 2022. "Implications of habitat overlap between giant panda and sambar for sympatric multi-species conservation." Wildlife Research, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR22018. 2022
- Canty, Steven W. J., Nowakowski, A. J., Connette, Grant M., Deichmann, Jessica L., Songer, Melissa, Chiaravalloti, Rafael, Dodge, Molly, Feistner, Anna T. C., Fergus, Craig, Hall, Jefferson S., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Linares‐Palomino, Reynaldo, McField, Melanie, Ogburn, Matthew B., Velez‐Zuazo, Ximena, and Akre, Thomas S. 2022. "Mapping a conservation research network to the Sustainable Development Goals." Conservation Science and Practice, https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.12731. 2022
- Bennett, Nathan J., Dodge, Molly, Akre, Thomas S., Canty, Steven W. J., Chiaravalloti, Rafael, Dayer, Ashley A., Deichmann, Jessica L., Gill, David, McField, Melanie, McNamara, James, Murphy, Shannon E., Nowakowski, A. J., and Songer, Melissa. 2022. "Social science for conservation in working landscapes and seascapes." Frontiers in Conservation Science, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcosc.2022.954930. 2022
- Zahoor, Babar, Liu, Xuehua, and Songer, Melissa. 2022. "The impact of climate change on three indicator Galliformes species in the northern highlands of Pakistan." Environmental Science and Pollution Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19631-y. 2022
- Yang, Hongbo, Dietz, Thomas, Li, Yingjie, Dou, Yue, Wang, Yujun, Huang, Qiongyu, Zhang, Jindong, Songer, Melissa, and Liu, Jianguo. 2022. "Unraveling human drivers behind complex interrelationships among sustainable development goals: a demonstration in a flagship protected area." Ecology and Society, 27, (3) 15–15. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-13275-270315. 2022
- Yang, Hongbo, Vina, Andres, Winkler, Julie Ann, Chung, Min Gon, Huang, Qiongyu, Dou, Yue, McShea, William J., Songer, Melissa, Zhang, Jindong, and Liu, Jianguo. 2021. "A global assessment of the impact of individual protected areas on preventing forest loss." Science of the Total Environment, 777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145995. 2021
- Zahoor, Babar, Liu, Xuehua, Wu, Pengfen, Sun, Wanlong, Jia, Xiaodong, Lv, Zixin, Zhao, Xiangyu, He, Xiangbo, He, Baishuo, Cai, Qiong, and Songer, Melissa. 2021. "Activity pattern study of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in the Qinling Mountains, China, by using infrared camera traps." Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28 25179–25186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12325-3. 2021
- Tripathy, Bismay Ranjan, Liu, Xuehua, Songer, Melissa, Zahoor, Babar, Wickramasinghe, W. M. S., and Mahanta, Kirti Kumar. 2021. "Analysis of Landscape Connectivity among the Habitats of Asian Elephants in Keonjhar Forest Division, India." Remote Sensing, 13, (22). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224661. 2021
- Esmaeili, Saeideh, Jesmer, Brett R., Albeke, Shannon E., Aikens, Ellen O., Schoenecker, Kathryn A., King, Sarah R. B., Abrahms, Briana, Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, Beck, Jeffrey L., Boone, Randall B., Cagnacci, Francesca, Chamaille-Jammes, Simon, Chimeddorj, Buyanaa, Cross, Paul C., Dejid, Nandintsetseg, Enkhbyar, Jagdag, Fischhoff, Ilya R., Ford, Adam T., Jenks, Kate, Hemami, Mahmoud-Reza, Hennig, Jacob D., Ito, Takehiko Y., Kaczensky, Petra, Kauffman, Matthew J., Linnell, John D. C. et al. 2021. "Body size and digestive system shape resource selection by ungulates: A cross-taxa test of the forage maturation hypothesis." Ecology Letters, https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13848. 2021
- Leimgruber, Peter and Songer, Melissa A. 2021. "Conservation: Where can elephants roam in the Anthropocene?" Current Biology, 31, (11) R714–R716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.037. 2021
- Tripathy, Bismay Ranjan, Liu, Xuehua, Songer, Melissa, Kumar, Lalit, Kaliraj, Senipandi, Das Chatterjee, Nilanjana, Wickramasinghe, W. M. S., and Mahanta, Kirti Kumar. 2021. "Descriptive Spatial Analysis of Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) Distribution and Mapping HEC Hotspots in Keonjhar Forest Division, India." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.640624. 2021
- Wang, Yujun, Yang, Hongbo, Qi, Dunwu, Songer, Melissa A., Bai, Wenke, Zhou, Caiquan, Zhang, Jindong, and Huang, Qiongyu. 2021. "Efficacy and management challenges of the zoning designations of China's national parks." Biological Conservation, 254 Article 108962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.108962. 2021
- Paraskevopoulou, Zoe, Shamon, Hila, Songer, Melissa, Ruxton, Graeme, and McShea, William J. 2021. "Field surveys can improve predictions of habitat suitability for reintroductions: a swift fox case study." Oryx, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605320000964. 2021
- Zhang, Yuke, He, Xiangbo, Liu, Xuehua, Songer, Melissa, Dang, Haishan, and Zhang, Quanfa. 2021. "Fine-scale activity patterns of large- and medium-sized mammals in a deciduous broadleaf forest in the Qinling Mountains, China." Journal of Forestry Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-021-01291-2. 2021
- Zahoor, Babar, Liu, Xuehua, Ahmad, Basharat, Kumar, Lalit, and Songer, Melissa. 2021. "Impact of climate change on Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) and its autumn diet in the northern highlands of Pakistan." Global Change Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15743. 2021
- Liu, Xuehua, Liu, Lanmei, Liu, Linna, Jin, Xuelin, and Songer, Melissa. 2021. "Modeling Potential Dispersal Routes for Giant Pandas in Their Key Distribution Area of the Qinling Mountains, China." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.636937. 2021
- Zahoor, Babar, Liu, Xuehua, Kumar, Lalit, Dai, Yunchuan, Tripathy, Bismay Ranjan, and Songer, Melissa. 2021. "Projected shifts in the distribution range of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in the Hindu Kush Himalaya due to climate change." Ecological Informatics, 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101312. 2021
- Yang, Hongbo, Huang, Qiongyu, Zhang, Jindong, Songer, Melissa, and Liu, Jianguo. 2021. "Range-wide assessment of the impact of China's nature reserves on giant panda habitat quality." Science of The Total Environment, 769 Article 145081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145081. 2021
- Huang, Qiongyu, Wang, Fang, Yang, Hongbo, Valitutto, Marc, and Songer, Melissa A. 2021. "Will the COVID-19 outbreak be a turning point for China's wildlife protection: New developments and challenges of wildlife conservation in China." Biological Conservation, 254 Article 108937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108937. 2021
- Noonan, Michael J., Fleming, Christen H., Tucker, Marlee A., Kays, Roland, Harrison, Autumn-Lynn, Crofoot, Margaret C., Abrahms, Briana, Alberts, Susan C., Ali, Abdullahi H., Altmann, Jeanne, Antunes, Pamela Castro, Attias, Nina, Belant, Jerrold L., Beyer, Dean E., Jr., Bidner, Laura R., Blaum, Niels, Boone, Randall B., Caillaud, Damien, de Paula, Rogerio Cunha, De la Torre, J. Antonio, Dekker, Jasja, DePerno, Christopher S., Farhadinia, Mohammad, Fennessy, Julian, Fichtel, Claudia et al. 2020. "Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements." Conservation Biology, 34, (4) 1017–1028. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13495. 2020
- Huang, Qiongyu, Fei, Yuxiang, Yang, Hongbo, Gu, Xiaodong, and Songer, Melissa A. 2020. "Giant Panda National Park, a step towards streamlining protected areas and cohesive conservation management in China." Global Ecology and Conservation, 22 Article e00947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00947. 2020
- Bai, Wenke, Huang, Qiongyu, Zhang, Jindong, Stabach, Jared, Huang, Jinyan, Yang, Hongbo, Songer, Melissa, Connor, T., Liu, Jianguo, Zhou, Shiqiang, Zhang, Hemin, Zhou, Caiquan, and Hull, Vanessa. 2020. "Microhabitat selection by giant pandas." Biological Conservation, 247 UNSP 108615–UNSP 108615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108615. 2020
- Stabach, Jared A., Cunningham, Stephanie A., Connette, Grant, Mota, Joel L., Reed, Dolores, Byron, Michael, Songer, Melissa, Wacher, Tim, Mertes, Katherine, Brown, Janine L., Comizzoli, Pierre, Newby, John, Monfort, Steven L., and Leimgruber, Peter. 2020. "Short-term effects of GPS collars on the activity, behavior, and adrenal response of scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah)." PloS One, 15, (2) Article e0221843. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221843. 2020
- Huang, Qiongyu, Lothspeich, Audrey, Hernandez, Haydee Yanez, Mertes, Katherine, Liu, Xuehua, and Songer, Melissa. 2020. "What drove giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca expansion in the Qinling Mountains? An analysis comparing the influence of climate, bamboo, and various landscape variables in the past decade." Environmental Research Letters, 15, (8). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab86f3. 2020
- Mertes, Katherine, Stabach, Jared A., Songer, Melissa, Wacher, Tim, Newby, John, Chuven, Justin, Al Dhaheri, Shaikha, Leimgruber, Peter, and Monfort, Steven. 2019. "Management Background and Release Conditions Structure Post-release Movements in Reintroduced Ungulates." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 7 470. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00470. 2019
- Tian, Zhaoxue, Liu, Xuehua, Fan, Zhiyong, Liu, Jianguo, Pimm, Stuart L., Liu, Lanmei, Garcia, Claude, Songer, Melissa A., Shao, Xiaoming, Skidmore, Andrew, Wang, Tiejun, Zhang, Yuke, Chang, Youde, Jin, Xuelin, Gong, Minghao, Zhou, Lingguo, He, Xiangbo, Dang, Gaodi, Zhu, Yun, and Cai, Qiong. 2019. "The next widespread bamboo flowering poses a massive risk to the giant panda." Biological Conservation, 234 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.03.030. 2019
- McEvoy, John F., Connette, Grant M., Huang, Qiongyu, Soe, Paing, Pyone, Khin Htet Htet, Valitutto, Marc T., Htun, Yan Lin, Lin, Aung Naing, Thant, Aung Lwin, Htun, Wai Yan, Paing, Kaung Htet, Swe, Khine Khine, Aung, Myint, Min, Sapai, Songer, Melissa, and Leimgruber, Peter. 2019. "Two sides of the same coin – Wildmeat consumption and illegal wildlife trade at the crossroads of Asia." Biological Conservation, 238 Article 108197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108197. 2019
- Nandintsetseg, Dejid, Bracis, Chloe, Leimgruber, Peter, Kaczensky, Petra, Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, Lkhagvasuren, Badamjav, Chimeddorj, Buyanaa, Enkhtuvshin, Shiilegdamba, Horning, Ned, Ito, Takehiko Y., Olson, Kirk, Payne, John, Walzer, Chris, Shinoda, Masato, Stabach, Jared, Songer, Melissa, and Mueller, Thomas. 2019. "Variability in nomadism: environmental gradients modulate the movement behaviors of dryland ungulates." Ecosphere, 10, (11) Article e02924. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2924. 2019
- Leimgruber, Peter, Campana, Michael G., Maldonado, Jesús E., Harris, Tara R., Dejid, Nandintsetseg, Cao, Qing, and Songer, Melissa A. 2018. "As wild as they come: Study confirms that Przewalski's horses are the best of the rest." 2018
- Huang, Qiongyu, Fleming, Christen H., Robb, Benjamin, Lothspeich, Audrey, and Songer, Melissa A. 2018. "How different are species distribution model predictions?--Application of a new measure of dissimilarity and level of significance to giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca." Ecological Informatics, 46 114–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2018.06.004. 2018
- Wang, Fang, Zhao, Qing, McShea, William J., Songer, Melissa A., Huang, Qiongyu, Zhang, Xiaofeng, and Zhou, Lingguo. 2018. "Incorporating biotic interactions reveals potential climate tolerance of giant pandas." Conservation Letters, 11, (6) e12592. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12592. 2018
- Sampson, Christie, McEvoy, John, Oo, Zaw Min, Chit, Aung Myo, Chan, Aung Nyein, Tonkyn, David, Soe, Paing, Songer, Melissa A., Williams, A. C., Reisinger, Klaus, Wittemyer, George, and Leimgruber, Peter. 2018. "New elephant crisis in Asia-Early warning signs from Myanmar." PloS One, 13, (3) 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194113. 2018
- Liu, Xiaofei, Liu, Xuehua, Shao, Xiaoming, Songer, Melissa A., He, Baisuo, He, Xiangbo, and Zhu, Yun. 2018. "Plant diversity patterns of temperate forests with logging and restoration practices in northwest China." Ecological Engineering, 124 116–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.09.017. 2018
- McShea, William J., Aung, Myint, Songer, Melissa A., and Connette, Grant. 2018. "The Challenges of Protecting an Endangered Species in the Developing World: A Case History of Eld’s Deer Conservation in Myanmar." Case Studies in the Environment, 2, (1) 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1525/cse.2017.000760. 2018
- Huang, Q., Liu, X., Li, Y., Kraus, J., and Songer, Melissa A. 2018. "Understanding nutrient landscapes for giant pandas in the Qinling Mountains, China: the relationships between bamboo mineral content and giant panda habitat selection during migration." Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 41, (2) 195–208. https://doi.org/10.32800/abc.2018.41.0195. 2018
- Calabrese, A., Calabrese, J. M., Songer, Melissa A., Wegmann, M., Hedges, S., Rose, R., and Leimgruber, Peter. 2017. "Conservation status of Asian elephants: the influence of habitat and governance." Biodiversity and Conservation, 26, (9) 2067–2081. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1345-5. 2017
- Liu, Xuehua, Wu, Pengfeng, Shao, Xiaoming, Songer, Melissa A., Cai, Qiong, He, Xiangbo, and Zhu, Yun. 2017. "Diversity and activity patterns of sympatric animals among four types of forest habitat in Guanyinshan Nature Reserve in the Qinling Mountains, China." Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24, (19) 16465–16477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9232-x. 2017
- Bhagwat, Tejas, Hess, Andrea, Horning, Ned, Khaing, Thiri, Thein, Zaw Min, Aung, Kyaw Moe, Aung, Kyaw Htet, Phyo, Paing, Tun, Ye Lin, Oo, Aung Htat, Neil, Anthony, Thu, Win Myo, Songer, Melissa A., LaJeunesse Connette, Katherine J., Bernd, Asja, Huang, Qiongyu, Connette, Grant, and Leimgruber, Peter. 2017. "Losing a jewel-Rapid declines in Myanmar's intact forests from 2002-2014." PloS One, 12, (5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176364. 2017
- Allendorf, Teri D., Aung, Myint, Swe, Khine Khine, and Songer, Melissa A. 2017. "Pathways to improve park-people relationships: Gendered attitude changes in Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Myanmar." Biological Conservation, 216 78–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.10.005. 2017
- Connette, Grant M., Oswald, Patrick, Thura, Myint Kyaw, LaJeunesse Connette, Katherine J., Grindley, Mark E., Songer, Melissa A., Zug, George R., and Mulcahy, Daniel G. 2017. "Rapid forest clearing in a Myanmar proposed national park threatens two newly discovered species of geckos (Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus)." PLOS ONE, 12, (4) 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174432. 2017
- Liu, Xuehua, Wu, Pengfeng, Shao, Xiaoming, Songer, Melissa A., Cai, Qiong, Zhu, Yun, and He, Xiangbo. 2017. "Spatiotemporally monitoring forest landscape for giant panda habitat through a high learning-sensitive neural network in Guanyinshan Nature Reserve in the Qinling Mountains, China." Environmental Earth Sciences, 76, (17) 589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6926-9. 2017
- LaJeunesse Connette, Katherine J., Connette, Grant, Bernd, Asja, Phyo, Paing, Aung, Kyaw Htet, Tun, Ye Lin, Thein, Zaw Min, Horning, Ned, Leimgruber, Peter, and Songer, Melissa A. 2016. "Assessment of Mining Extent and Expansion in Myanmar Based on Freely-Available Satellite Imagery." Remote Sensing, 8, (11) 912. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110912. 2016
- Songer, Melissa A., Aung, Myint, Allendorf, Teri D., Calabrese, Justin M., and Leimgruber, Peter. 2016. "Drivers of Change in Myanmar’s Wild Elephant Distribution." Tropical Conservation Science, 9, (4). https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082916673749. 2016
- Connette, Grant, Oswald, Patrick, Songer, Melissa A., and Leimgruber, Peter. 2016. "Mapping Distinct Forest Types Improves Overall Forest Identification Based on Multi-Spectral Landsat Imagery for Myanmar’s Tanintharyi Region." Remote Sensing, 8, (11) 882. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110882. 2016
- Jenks, Kate E., Aikens, Ellen O., Songsasen, Nucharin, Calabrese, Justin, Fleming, Chris, Bhumpakphan, Naris, Wanghongsa, Sawai, Kanchanasaka, Budsabong, Songer, Melissa A., and Leimgruber, Peter. 2015. "Comparative movement analysis for a sympatric dhole and golden jackal in a human-dominated landscape." Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 63 546–554. 2015
- Liu, Xuehua, Wang, Tiejun, Wang, Ting, Skidmore, Andrew K., and Songer, Melissa A. 2015. "How do two giant panda populations adapt to their habitats in the Qinling and Qionglai Mountains, China." Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22, (2) 1175–1185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3412-8. 2015
- Zhang, Yongjun, Cao, Qing S., Rubenstein, Daniel I., Zang, Sen, Songer, Melissa A., Leimgruber, Peter, Chu, Hongjun, Cao, Jie, Li, Kai, and Hu, Defu. 2015. "Water Use Patterns of Sympatric Przewalski's Horse and Khulan: Interspecific Comparison Reveals Niche Differences." PloS One, 10, (7) 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132094. 2015
- Liu, Gang, Xu, Chao-Qun, Cao, Qing, Zimmermann, Waltraut, Songer, Melissa A., Zhao, Sha-Sha, Li, Kai, and Hu, De-Fu. 2014. "Mitochondrial and pedigree analysis in Przewalski's horse populations: implications for genetic management and reintroductions." Mitochondrial DNA, 25, (4) 313–318. https://doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2013.800487. 2014
- Liu, Xuehua, Wu, Pengfeng, Songer, Melissa A., Cai, Qiong, He, Xiangbo, Zhu, Yun, and Shao, Xiaoming. 2013. "Monitoring wildlife abundance and diversity with infra-red camera traps in Guanyinshan Nature Reserve of Shaanxi Province, China." Ecological Indicators, 33 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.09.022. 2013
- Songer, Melissa A., Delion, Melanie, Biggs, Alex, and Huang, Qiongyu. 2012. "Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Giant Panda Habitat." International Journal of Ecology, 2012 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/108752. 2012
- Allendorf, Teri D., Aung, Myint, and Songer, Melissa A. 2012. "Using residents' perceptions to improve park-people relationships in Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Myanmar." Journal of environmental management, 99 36–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.01.004. 2012
- Doyle, S., Groo, M., Sampson, C., Songer, Melissa A., Jones, M., and Leimgruber, Peter. 2010. "Human-Elephant Conflict - What Can We Learn from the News?" Gajah, 32 22–25. 2010
- Songer, Melissa A., Aung, Myint, Senior, Briony, DeFries, Ruth, and Leimgruber, Peter. 2009. "Spatial and temporal deforestation dynamics in protected and unprotected dry forests: a case study from Myanmar (Burma)." Biodiversity and Conservation, 18 1001–1018. 2009
- Leimgruber, Peter, Senior, Briony, Uga, Aung, M., Songer, Melissa A., Mueller, Thomas, Wemmer, Christen M., and Ballou, Jonathan D. 2008. "Modeling Population Viability of Captive Elephants in Myanmar (Burma): Implications for Wild Populations." Animal Conservation, 11, (3) 198–205. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2008.00172.x. 2008
- Dinerstein, Eric, Loucks, Colby, Wikramanayake, Eric, Ginsberg, Joshua, Sanderson, Eric, Seidensticker, John, Forrest, Jessica, Bryja, Gosia, Heydlauff, Andrea, Klenzendorf, Sybille, Leimgruber, Peter, Mills, Judy, O'Brien, Timothy G., Shrestha, Mahendra, Simons, Ross, and Songer, Melissa A. 2007. "The Fate of Wild Tigers." Bioscience, 57, (6) 508–514. https://doi.org/10.1641/B570608. 2007
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Chapter
- Songer, Melissa, Atwood, Todd C., Douglas, David C., Huang, Qiongyu, Li, Renqiang, Pilfold, Nicholas W., Xu, Ming, and Durner, George M. 2020. "How Is climate change affecting polar bears and giant pandas?" In Bears of the world: Ecology, conservation, and management. Melletti, Mario and Penteriani, Vincenzo, editors. 303–316. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108692571) 2020
- Songer, Melissa A., Aung, Myint, Swe, Khaing Khaing, Oo, Thida, Wemmer, Christen M., DeFries, Ruth, and Leimgruber, Peter. 2011. "The Impact of Local Communities on a Dry Tropical Forest Sanctuary: A Case Study from Upper Myanmar (Burma)." In The Ecology and Conservation of Seasonally Dry Forests in Asia. McShea, William J., Davies, Stuart James, and Bhumpakphan, Naris, editors. 305–320. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2011
- Leimgruber, Peter, Delion, Melanie, and Songer, Melissa A. 2011. "The Uncertainty in Mapping Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests in Asia." In The Ecology and Conservation of Seasonally Dry Forests in Asia. McShea, William J., Davies, Stuart James, and Bhumpakphan, Naris, editors. 59–74. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2011
- Wikramanayake, E., Dinerstein, Eric, Forrest, J., Loucks, C., Seidensticker, John, Klenzendorf, S., Sanderson, E., Simons, R., Heydlauff, A., Ginsberg, J., O'Brien, T., Leimgruber, Peter, Songer, Melissa A., and Bryja, G. 2010. "Roads to recovery or catastrophic loss: How will the next decade end for wild tigers?" In Tigers of the world: the science, politics, and conservation of Panthera tigris. Second ed. Tilson, Ronald Lewis and Nyhus, Philip J., editors. 493–506. New York: Elsevier/Academic Press. 2010
- Sanderson, E., Forrest, J., Loucks, C., Ginsberg, J., Dinerstein, Eric, Seidensticker, John, Leimgruber, Peter, Songer, Melissa A., Heydlauff, A., O'Brien, T., Bryja, G., Klenzendorf, S., and Wikramanayake, E. 2010. "Setting priorities for conservation and recovery of wild tigers: 2005-2015. The technical assessment." In Tigers of the world: the science, politics, and conservation of Panthera tigris. Second ed. Tilson, Ronald Lewis and Nyhus, Philip J., editors. 143–161. New York: Elsevier/Academic Press. 2010
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Dataset
- Bennett, Nathan, Dodge, Molly, Akre, Thomas S., Canty, Steven W. J., Chiaravalloti, Rafael, Dayer, Ashley, Deichmann, Jessica L., Gill, David, McField, Melanie, McNamara, James, Murphy, Shannon, Nowakowski, A. Justin, and Songer, Melissa A. 2023. [Dataset] Bennett et al 2022_Ciencias sociales para la conervacion en paisajes terrestres y marinos laborables.pdf. [920124-Bytes] Distributed by Edgewater, Maryland: Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. https://doi.org/10.25573/SERC.22325083.V1. 2023
- Esmaeili, Saeideh, Jesmer, Brett R., Albeke, Shannon E., Aikens, Ellen O., Schoenecker, Kathryn A., King, Sarah R. B., Abrahms, Briana, Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar, Beck, Jeffrey L., Boone, Randall B., Cagnacci, Francesca, Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon, Chimeddorj, Buyanaa, Cross, Paul C., Dejid, Nandintsetseg, Enkhbayar, Jagdag, Fischhoff, Ilya R., Ford, Adam T., Jenks, Kate, Hemami, Mahmoud-Reza, Hennig, Jacob D., Ito, Takehiko Y., Kaczensky, Petra, Kauffman, Matthew J., Linnell, John D. C. et al. 2021. [Dataset] Body size and digestive system shape resource selection by ungulates: a cross-taxa test of the Forage Maturation Hypothesis. Distributed by Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.JSXKSN09F. 2021
Affiliation
Member Of
- Conservation Commons Chief of Field Conservation Science
Contact
Location
- National Zoo & Conservation Biology Institute Academic Department