We report extensive high-resolution spectroscopic observations and V-band differential photometry of the slightly eccentric 7.02 day detached eclipsing binary V501 Mon (A6m F0), which we use to determine its absolute dimensions to high precision (0.3% for the masses and 1.8% for the radii, or better). The absolute masses, radii, and temperatures are MA = 1.6455 ± 0.0043 M?, RA = 1.888 ± 0.029 R?, and {T}{{eff}}{{A}} = 7510 ± 100 K for the primary and MB = 1.4588 ± 0.0025 M?, RB = 1.592 ± 0.028 R?, and TeffB = 7000 ± 90 K for the secondary. Apsidal motion has been detected, to which General Relativity contributes approximately 70%. The primary star is found to be a metallic-line A star. A detailed chemical analysis of the disentangled spectra yields abundances for more than a dozen elements in each star. Based on the secondary, the system metallicity is near solar: [Fe/H] = 0.01 ± 0.06. Lithium is detected in the secondary but not in the primary. A comparison with current stellar evolution models shows a good match to the measured properties at an age of about 1.1 Gyr.
