Rhynchosia mineira is described as a new species from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The taxon is morphologically similar to R. arenicola Hassl. but differs mainly in having ovate stipules, a prostrate habit, a densely pubescent stem and ovate to rhomboid leaflets. A description, illustration, distribution map, conservation status, and key to the species of Rhynchosia in the state of Minas Gerais are provided.
