education and training
- Ph.D. in Chemistry, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina , Faculty of Exact Sciences 1960 - 1974
Charola, A. Elena
Former Materials Scientist
Positions
- Research Scientist, Museum Conservation Institute 2011 -
Inorganic Porous Building Materials, their deterioration and conservation; Heritage Sites Conservation and Management.
Background And Education
Public Biography
- A. Elena Charola is a Research Scientist at MCI and formerly a Scientific Advisor/Program Coordinator at the World Monuments Fund-Portugal. She received her Ph.D. from Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. As an independent consultant she worked on a number of high-profile projects for World Monuments Fund: Consultant for the Easter Island Program; Coordinator of the Scientific Committee for the Exterior Conservation of the Torre de Belém, Lisbon, Portugal; Lecturer in Advanced Architectural Conservation, Graduate Program in Historic Preservation, University of Pennsylvania; Lecturer at the Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation at the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium; Lecturer at the bi-annual UNESCO/ICCROM Stone Conservation Course in Venice. Dr. Charola has published two books and over a hundred scientific papers in the field of stone and masonry deterioration and conservation as well as editing co-editing the proceedings from four international conferences and three publications resulting from the conservation interventions carried out by World Monuments Fund. In addition, she has lectured extensively at various universities in North America, Europe, and Latin America. At MCI, she conducts research on the biodeterioration of stone surfaces and serves as Senior Editor on our Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press series, Contributions to Museum Conservation.
Publications
selected publications
-
article
- Otero, Jorge and Charola, A. Elena. 2021. "Compatibilidad de Materiales: Velocidad de Transmision del Vapor de Agua." in Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 24-29. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Otero, Jorge and Charola, A. Elena. 2021. "Examining Condition: Simple Microscopy." in Built Heritage Evaluation: Manual Using Simple Test Methods, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 1-7. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Influence of different types of solvent on the effectiveness of nanolime treatments on highly porous mortar substrates. Construction and Building Materials. 230:UNSP 117112-UNSP 117112. 2020
- Nanomateriales en la preservación del Patrimonio Construido. Conversa Voces en la Conservación. 7:1-11. 2020
- Preliminary Investigations of Compatible Nanolime Treatments on Indiana Limestone and Weathered Marble Stone. International Journal of Architectural Heritage. 2020
- Reflections on Nanolime consolidation 2020
- Influence of substrate pore structure and nanolime particle size on the effectiveness of nanolime treatments. Construction and Building Materials. 209:701-708. 2019
- Sticky ricenanolime as a consolidation treatment for lime mortars. Journal of Materials Science. 54:10217-10234. 2019
- Chapter 5: Estado de alteraçao e opçoes de conservaçao dos elementos em liga metálica 2018
- Koestler, Daniel, Ballard, Mary W., Charola, A. Elena, and Koestler, Robert J. 2018. "Does argon anoxia cause a color change in Prussian blue pigment?." Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2018.1478534 2018
- Edificios históricos del pasado reciente. Conversa Voces en la Conservación. 5. 2018
- Green approach for an eco-compatible consolidation of the Agrigento biocalcarenites surface. Construction and Building Materials. 186:1188-1199. 2018
- Nanolime for the consolidation of lime mortars: A comparison of three available products. Construction and Building Materials. 181:394-407. 2018
- The biocalcarenite stone of Agrigento (Italy): Preliminary investigations of compatible nanolime treatments. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 30:92-99. 2018
- Otero, Jorge, Charola, A. Elena, Grissom, Carol A., and Starinieri, Vincenzo. 2017. "An overview of nanolime as a consolidation method for calcareous stones." Ge-conservación (11): 71-78. 2017
- DePriest, Paula T. and Charola, A. Elena. 2017. "Biological Colonization and "Ink Strokes" on Buildings." in Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building, edited by Sledge, Jane, Charola, A. Elena, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 39-43. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2017
- Teoría y Práctica de la Conservación del Patrimonio Arquitectónico: Soluciones de Compromiso. Conversa Voces en la Conservación. 4. 2017
- Charola, A. Elena and Koestler, Robert J. 2017. "The National Museum of the American Indian: An Introduction." in Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building, edited by Sledge, Jane, Charola, A. Elena, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 1-4. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2017
- Grissom, Carol A., Aloiz, E., Vicenzi, Edward P., Little, Nicole C., and Charola, A. Elena. 2016. "Characterization and Test Treatments of Cast-Stone Medallions at the Smithsonian." in Science and Art: A Future for Stone: Proceedings of the 13th International Congress on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, Volume 1, edited by Hughes, John and Howind, Torsten., 529-536. University of the West of Scotland. 2016
- Aloiz, E., Grissom, Carol A., Livingston, Richard A., and Charola, A. Elena. 2016. "Condition Survey of Aquia Creek Sandstone Columns from the U.S. Capitol Re-erected at the U.S. National Arboretum." in Science and Art: A Future for Stone: Proceedings of the 13th International Congress on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, Volume 2, edited by Hughes, John and Howind, Torsten., 1067-1076. University of the West of Scotland. 2016
- Conservation and Restoration of the Don José I Monument in Lisbon, Portugal. Part I: Stone Components. Restoration of Buildings and Monuments. 22:75-80. 2016
- Conservation and Restoration of the Don José I Monument in Lisbon, Portugal. Part II: Metal Components. Restoration of Buildings and Monuments. 22:81-87. 2016
- An Overview of the Water-Porous Building Materials Interactions. Restoration of Buildings and Monuments. 21:55-65. 2015
- Salts in Masonry: An Overview of the Problem. Restoration of Buildings and Monuments. 21. 2015
- The Relevance of Maintenance and Monitoring in Architectural Conservation. Restoration of Buildings and Monuments. 21:1-8. 2015
- Grissom, Carol A., Grabow, Nicole, Smith Riley, Corey, and Charola, A. Elena. 2013. "Evaluation of Coating Performance on Silver Exposed to Hydrogen Sulfide." Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 52 (2):82-96. https://doi.org/10.1179/0197136013Z.0000000007 2013
- Charola, A. Elena and Koestler, Robert J. 2013. "Preface." in New Insights into the Cleaning of Paintings. Proceedings from the Cleaning 2010 International Conference Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute. Smithsonian Contributions to Museum Conservation, Number 3, edited by Mecklenburg, Marion F., Charola, A. Elena, and Koestler, Robert J., vii-viii. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2013
- Stone Statuary and Biocolonization (Chapter 5) 2012
- The Conservation Project Implementation (Chapter 10) 2012
- Magadán, Marcelo L., Korth, Gisela M. A., Cedrola, Marcela L., Charola, A. Elena, and Pozzobon, Jose L. 2011. "Case Study: Biocontrol Testing at the San Ignacio Mini Jesuit-Guarani Mission, Misiones, Argentina." in Biocolonization of Stone: Control and Preventive Methods: Proceedings from the MCI Workshop Series, edited by Charola, A. Elena, McNamara, Christopher, and Koestler, Robert J., 91-98. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.19492359.2.1 2011
- Charola, A. Elena, McNamara, Christopher, and Koestler, Robert J. 2011. "Discussions, Conclusions, and Recommendations." in Biocolonization of Stone: Control and Preventive Methods: Proceedings from the MCI Workshop Series, edited by Charola, A. Elena, McNamara, Christopher, and Koestler, Robert J., 113-115. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.19492359.2.1 2011
- Delgado Rodrigues, Jose, Vale Anjos, Marta, and Charola, A. Elena. 2011. "Recolonization of Marble Sculptures in a Garden Environment." in Biocolonization of Stone: Control and Preventive Methods: Proceedings from the MCI Workshop Series, edited by Charola, A. Elena, McNamara, Christopher, and Koestler, Robert J., 71-85. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.19492359.2.1 2011
- The New York Public Library: Protective Treatment for Sugaring Marble. Journal for Architectural Conservation. 16:29-44. 2010
- Introducción a la cal y morteros = Introdução à cal e argamassas 2009
- Protocolos de Campo. PC2 Extracción de sales soluble = Procedimentos de Campo. PC2 Extração de sais solúveis 2009
- Protocolos de Campo. PC3 Eliminación de películas superficiales de Resinas acrílicas = Procedimentos de Campo. PC3 Eliminação de películas superficiais de resinas acrílicas 2009
- Protocolos de Laboratorio. PL1 Determinación de la curva de absorción capilar de agua, de la absorción por inmersión total y de la curva de secado = Procedimentos de Laboratório. PL1 Determinação da curva de absorção capilar de água, da absorção por im 2009
- Protocolos de Laboratorio. PL3 Determinación de la presencia de sulfates y cloruros por reacciones de toque = Procedimentos de Laboratório. PL3 Determinação da presence de sulfates e cloretos por reações de toque 2009
- Protocolos de Laboratorio. PL4 Determinación de la presencia de sulfates y cloruros por tiras reactivas = Procedimentos de Laboratóio. PL4 Determinação da presence de sulfates e cloretos por fitas reagentes 2009
- Tratamientos de conservación : Tratamentos de conservação 2009
- Disfiguring Biocolonization Patterns after the Application of Water Repellents. Restoration of Buildings and Monuments. 14:365-372. 2008
- Water and its Interaction with Porous Inorganic Building Materials 2008
-
book
- Estátua Equestre de D. José I. Intervençao de Conservaçao e Restauro 2018
- Hydrophobe VII. 7th International Conference on Water Repellent Treatment and Protective Surface Technology for Building Materials 2014
- The Gardens of the National Palace of Queluz Conservation Intervention. Os Jardins do Palácio Nacional de Queluz Intervenção de Conservação 2012
- Manual Básico de Conservación par alas Misiones Jesuíticas Gyaraníes: Programa de Capacitación para la Conservación, Gestión y Desarrollo Sustable de las Misiones Jesuíticas Guaraníes : Manual Básico 2009
- Hydrophobe V 5th International Conference on Water Repellent Treatment of Building Materials 2008
-
chapter
- Charola, A. Elena. 2021. "Apendice: Bibliografia de Recursos Sugeridos y Otras Lecturas." in Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otera, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 40-45. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Otero, Jorge and Charola, A. Elena. 2021. "Assessing Surface Cohesion: The Scotch Tape Test." in Built Heritage Evaluation: Manual Using Simple Test Methods, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 13-17 SN. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Otero, Jorge and Charola, A. Elena. 2021. "Comparing Material Compatibility: The Water Vapor Transmission Test." in Built Heritage Evaluation: Manual Using Simple Test Methods, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 23-28. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Otero, Jorge and Charola, A. Elena. 2021. "Evaluacion de la Cohesion de Superficies: Ensayos con Cinta Scotch." in Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 14-18. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Otero, Jorge and Charola, A. Elena. 2021. "Examinando la Superficie: Microscopia Simple." in Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 1-7. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Charola, A. Elena and Otero, Jorge. 2021. "Inspeccion del Deterioro Diferencial: Absorcion de Agua con el Tubo Rilem." in Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 19-23. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Charola, A. Elena and Otero, Jorge. 2021. "Investigando Problemas de Sales: Tiras Reactivas para Determinar la Presencia de Iones." in Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 8-13 SN. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Charola, A. Elena and Otero, Jorge. 2021. "Investigating Differential Weathering: The Rilem Tube Water Absorbtion Test." in Built Heritage Evaluation: Manual Using Simple Test Methods, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 18-22 SN. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Charola, A. Elena and Otero, Jorge. 2021. "Investigating Salt Problems: Ion Test Strips." in Built Heritage Evaluation: Manual Using Simple Test Methods, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 8-12. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Charola, A. Elena and Otero, Jorge. 2021. "Three Sequential Tests for Materials Evaluation: Capillary Water Absorption Coefficient, Total Immersion, and Evaporation Curves." in Built Heritage Evaluation: Manual Using Simple Test Methods, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 29-37. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Charola, A. Elena and Otero, Jorge. 2021. "Tres Ensayos en Secuencia para Evaluar Materiales: Coeficiente de Absorcion Capilar de Agua, Inmersion Total y Curvas de Secado." in Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Otero, Jorge, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 30-39. Smithsonian Scholarly Press. 2021
- Otero, Jorge, Charola, A. Elena, Grissom, Carol A., and Stranieri, Vincenzo. 2018. "An overview of nanolime as a consolidant for calcareous substrates." in YOCOCU 2016, The Fifth International Conference: Youth in Conservation of Cultural Heritage, Madrid, Spain, September 21-23, 2016, 262-264. Youth in Conservation of Cultural Heritage (YOCOCU). 2018
- Chapter 2: Estado de alteraçao e opçoes de conservaçao dos elementos em pedra. 31-37. 2018
- Chapter 8: Gestao do Projecto. 123-127. 2018
- Grissom, Carol A., Sledge, Jane, and Charola, A. Elena. 2018. "Unusual Design Influences a Building's Biocolonization Pattern and Complicates Remediation." in 10th International Symposium on the Conservation of Monuments in the Mediterranean Basin. MONUBASIN 2017, edited by Koui, M., Zezza, F., and Kouis, D., 179-187. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78093-1_18 2018
- Charola, A. Elena, Vicenzi, Edward P., Grissom, Carol A., and Little, Nicole C. 2017. "Composition and Characteristics of Kasota Limestone on the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building." in Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building, edited by Sledge, Jane, Charola, A. Elena, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 17-26. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2017
- Deicing Salts: An Overview. 16-23. 2017
- Koestler, Robert J., DePriest, Paula T., and Charola, A. Elena. 2017. "Future Maintenance Plan for the National Museum of the American Indian Building." in Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building, edited by Sledge, Jane, Charola, A. Elena, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 59-61. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2017
- Grissom, Carol A. and Charola, A. Elena. 2017. "Keeping the National Museum of the American Indian Building Clean." in Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building, edited by Sledge, Jane, Charola, A. Elena, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 45-58. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2017
- Sledge, Jane, Charola, A. Elena, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J. 2017. "Preface." in Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building, v. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.19492367.6 2017
- Madden, Odile, Charola, A. Elena, and Koestler, Robert J. 2017. "Preface." in The Age of Plastic: Ingenuity and Responsibility, Proceedings of the 2012 MCI Symposium, edited by Madden, Odile, Charola, A. Elena, Cobb, Kim Cullen, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., v-vi. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2017
- Salt crystallization tests: Focus on their objective. 1-10. 2017
- Grissom, Carol A. and Charola, A. Elena. 2017. "Survey and Documentation of Darkening and Streaking on the National Museum of the American Indian Building." in Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building, edited by Sledge, Jane, Charola, A. Elena, DePriest, Paula T., and Koestler, Robert J., 27-38. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2017
- Grissom, Carol A., Vicenzi, Edward P., Giaccai, Jennifer, Little, Nicole C., France, Christine A. M., Charola, A. Elena, and Livingston, Richard A. 2016. "Analysis and Treatment of the Fire-Damaged Marble Plaque from Thomas Jefferson's Grave Marker." in Science and Art: A Future for Stone: Proceedings of the 13th International Congress on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, Volume 2, edited by Hughes, John and Howind, Torsten., 1129-1136. University of the West of Scotland. 2016
- Influence of pH During Chemical Weathering of Bricks: Long Term Exposure. 165-174. 2016
- DePriest, Paula T., Dietrich, Elizabeth, Madden, Odile, Sullivan, Elizabeth, and Charola, A. Elena. 2014. "Compounded Damage at the Museum Support Center: Hurricane Irene after the Earthquake." in Unexpected-Earthquake 2011: Lessons to Be Learned, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Wegener, Corine, and Koestler, Robert J., 85-96. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2014
- Bechtol, Nancy, Tompkins, William, Button, Kerry, Hawks, Catharine A., and Charola, A. Elena. 2014. "Conclusions and Recommendations." in Unexpected-Earthquake 2011: Lessons to Be Learned, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Wegener, Corine, and Koestler, Robert J., 97-100. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2014
- Charola, A. Elena, Wachowiak, Melvin J., Webb, E. K., Grissom, Carol A., Vicenzi, Edward P., Chong, Wang, Szczepanowska, Hanna, and DePriest, Paula T. 2014. "Developing a Methodology to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Biocide." in 12th International Congress on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, Columbia University, New York, 2012, 1-10. ICOMOS-ISCS. 2014
- Foreword. Microclimate for Cultural Heritage: Conservation, Restoration, and Maintenance of Indoor and Outdoor Monuments. xxi-xxii. 2014
- Liu, Yun and Charola, A. Elena. 2014. "Hygric Behavior of Portland Sandstone as a function of the applied water repellent formulation." in Hydrophope VII, edited by Charola, A. Elena and Delgado Rodrigues, J., 161-170. LNEC. 2014
- Charola, A. Elena and Koestler, Robert J. 2014. "Preface and Acknowledgments." in Unexpected—Earthquake 2011: Lessons to Be Learned, edited by Charola, A. Elena, Wegener, Corine, and Koestler, Robert J., v-viii. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. 2014
- Maintenance Recommendations (Chapter 11). 143-150. 2012
- Natural Patination of Lead Statuary (Chapter 6). 91-96. 2012
- The 'Canal de Azulejos': Conservation Problems and Perspectives (Chapter 8). 111-120. 2012
- The Conservation Intervention of the Gardens – An Overview (Chapter 4). 65-79. 2012
- The Workshops: Framework and Implementation Strategy (Chapter 9). 121-125. 2012
- Conservation Approach Diversity to Address the Decorative Elements in the Gardens of the National Palace of Queluz, Lisbon, Portugal. Jardins de pierres: conservation de la pierre dans les parcs, jardins et cimetières : 14es journées d'étude de la SFIIC: section francaise de l'Institut international de conservation, Paris, Institut national du patrimoine, 22-24 juin 2011 = Conservation o. 72-82. 2011
- Salvadori, Ornella and Charola, A. Elena. 2011. "Methods to Prevent Biocolonization and Recolonization: An Overview of Current Research for Architectural and Archaeological Heritage." in Biocolonization of Stone: Control and Preventive Methods: Proceedings from the MCI Workshop Series, edited by Charola, A. Elena, McNamara, Christopher, and Koestler, Robert J., 37-50. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.19492359.2.1 2011
- Weathering and Deterioration. Stone in Architecture. 227-316. 2011
- Charola, A. Elena and Koestler, Robert J. 2010. "Introduction." in Pesticide mitigation in museum collections : science in conservation : proceedings from the MCI worshop series, v-vi. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.19492359.1.1 2010
- Biodeterioro de materials porosos inorgánicos = Biodeterioração de materiais porosos inorgãnicos. 52-62. 2009
- Conceptos básicos de conservación = Conceitos básicos de conservação. 11-13. 2009
- Conclusiones = Conclusões. 124-125. 2009
- Factores de deterioro de materials porosos inorgánicos = Fatores de deterioração dos materiais porosos inorgãnicos. 40-51. 2009
- Principales materials utilizados en las Misiones Jesuíticas de los Guaraníes = Principais materiais utilizados nas Missões Jesuíticas dos Guarani. 29-39. 2009
- Protocolos de Campo. PC1 Determinación in situ de la absorción capilar de agua = Procedimentos de Campo. PC1 Determinação in situ da absorção capilar de água. 3-4. 2009
- Protocolos de Campo. PC4 Limpieza de depósitos delgados de colonización biológica = Procedimentos de Campo. PC4 Limpeza de depósitos finos de colonização biológica. 8-9. 2009
- Protocolos de Campo. PC5 Desmalezamiento y eliminación de Plantas superiors = Procedimentso de Campo. PC5 Controle de ervas e eliminação de plantas superiores. 10-12. 2009
- Protocolos de Laboratorio. PL2 Determinación de la presencia de carbonatos y del yeso en eflorescencias = Procedimentos de Laboratório. PL2 Determinação da presence de carbonatos e de gesso em eflorescências. 9-10. 2009
- An Unsatisfactory Case of Water Repellents Applied to Control Biocolonization. 117-128. 2008
- Theory and practice in conservation. Some thoughts for the case of architectural conservation. 163-166. 2008
editor of
-
book
- Built Heritage Evaluation: Manual Using Simple Test Methods 2021
- Evaluación del Patrimonio Construido: Manual de Ensayos Preliminares 2021
- The Mechanics of Art Materials and Its Future in Heritage Science 2019
- Conservation of the Exterior of the National Museum of the American Indian Building 2017
- The Age of Plastic: Ingenuity and Responsibility, Proceedings of the 2012 MCI Symposium 2017
- Unexpected--Earthquake 2011: Lessons to Be Learned 2014
- Unexpected-Earthquake 2011: Lessons to Be Learned 2014
- New Insights into the Cleaning of Paintings: Proceedings from the Cleaning 2010 International Conference, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia and Museum Conservation Institute 2013
- Biocolonization of Stone: Control and Preventive Methods: Proceeedings from the MCI Workshop Series 2011
- Pesticide mitigation in museum collections : science in conservation : proceedings from the MCI workshop series 2010
Other
Location
- Museum Conservation Institute Academic Department
