Whigham, Dennis

Fellowship Advisor Smithsonian Environmental Research Center staff

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Whigham, Dennis

Fellowship Advisor Smithsonian Environmental Research Center staff

Ecology in terrestrial and wetland ecosystems; orchid-mycorrhizal interactions; role of disturbance in forests; ecological life history and population ecology of woodland and wetland species, ecology of invasive, landscape ecology

Research Areas

Geographic Focus

Background And Education

Education And Training

B.A., Wabash College
Ph.D., University of North Carolina

Awards And Honors

Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Award, conferred by Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Awards, 2018

Research And Grants

Co-principal Investigator On

Investigator On

Publications

Selected Publications

Article
- Gale, Stephan W., Li, Jihong, Suddee, Somran, Traiperm, Paweena, Peter, Craig I., Buruwate, Tomas, Crain, Benjamin J., McCormick, Melissa K., Whigham, Dennis F., Musthofa, Arni, Gogoi, Khyanjeet, Ito, Katsura, Minamiya, Yukio, Fukuda, Tatsuya, Landrein, Sven, and Yukawa, Tomohisa. 2025. "Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal multiple long-distance dispersal events and extensive cryptic speciation in Nervilia (Orchidaceae), an isolated basal Epidendroid genus." Frontiers in Plant Science, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1495487. 2025
- Brooks, Hope, Jacobson, Sylvia, Baldwin, Andrew H., McCormick, Melissa K., Kettenring, Karin M., Buehl, Eric, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2024. "Long-term periodic management of Phragmites australis maintains native brackish wetland plant communities." Wetlands Ecology and Management, 32, (3) 409–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-024-09984-1. 2024
- Padial, Andre A., Whigham, Dennis F., Krauss, Ken, Dangremond, Emily, and Thomaz, Sidinei M. 2024. "Preface: A themed section honoring the legacy of Dr. Brij Gopal." Hydrobiologia, 851, (7) 1591–1592. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-024-05498-2. 2024
- Laanbroek, Hendrikus J., Rains, M. C., Verhoeven, Jos T. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2024. "The effect of intentional summer flooding for mosquito control on the nitrogen dynamics of impounded Avicennia germinans mangrove forests." Scientific Reports, 14, (1) 2165. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-52248-4. 2024
- Kindlmann, Pavel, Kull, Tiiu, and Whigham, Dennis. 2023. "Editorial: Challenges and opportunities in orchid ecology and conservation." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1226614. 2023
- Evans, Simone A., McCormick, Melissa K., Hartvig, Ida, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2023. "Hybridization in the Fringed Orchids: An Analysis of Species Boundaries in the Face of Gene Flow." Diversity, 15, (3) 384. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15030384. 2023
- Rohal, Christine B., Hazelton, Eric L. G., McFarland, Eliza K., Downard, Rebekah, McCormick, Melissa K., Whigham, Dennis F., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2023. "Landscape and site factors drive invasive Phragmites management and native plant recovery across Chesapeake Bay wetlands." Ecosphere, 14, (1). https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.4392. 2023
- Kudoh, Aoi, Megonigal, J. Patrick, Langley, J. Adam, Noyce, Genevieve L., Sakai, Toshiyuki, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2023. "Reproductive Responses to Increased Shoot Density and Global Change Drivers in a Widespread Clonal Wetland Species, Schoenoplectus americanus." Estuaries and Coasts, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-023-01249-z. 2023
- Zale, Peter J., McCormick, Melissa K., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2022. "Choosing a Favorable Substrate to Cultivate Native Orchids Symbiotically: Examples Using Goodyera tesselata and Platanthera blephariglottis." HortScience, 57, (5) 634–642. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI16509-22. 2022
- Gabriel, Jared R., Reid, Jessica, Wang, Le, Mozdzer, Thomas J., Whigham, Dennis F., Megonigal, J. Patrick, and Langley, J. Adam. 2022. "Interspecific Competition is Prevalent and Stabilizes Plant Production in a Brackish Marsh Facing Sea Level Rise." Estuaries and Coasts, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-021-01043-9. 2022
- Crain, Benjamin J., McCormick, Melissa, Zettler, Lawrence W., McGuinness, Julianne, and Whigham, Dennis. 2022. "Preserving the Orchids of Palau." The Orchid Review, 130, (1337) 24–29. 2022
- McCormick, Melissa K., Good, Kerry L., Mozdzer, Thomas J., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2022. "Shade and drought increase fungal contribution to partially mycoheterotrophic terrestrial orchids Goodyera pubescens and Tipularia discolor." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.1047267. 2022
- McCormick, Melissa K., Good, Kerry L., Mozdzer, Thomas J., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2022. "Shade and drought increase fungal contribution to partially mycoheterotrophic terrestrial orchids Goodyera pubescens and Tipularia discolor." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.1047267. 2022
- Whigham, Dennis, McCormick, Melissa, Brooks, Hope, Josey, Brian, Floyd, Robert, and Applegate, Jason. 2021. "Isotria medeoloides, a North American Threatened Orchid: Fungal Abundance May Be as Important as Light in Species Management." Plants-Basel, 10, (9). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10091924. 2021
- Walker, Coowe M., Whigham, Dennis F., Bentz, I. Syverine, Argueta, Jacob M., King, Ryan S., Rains, Mark C., Simenstad, Charles A., Guo, Chris, Baird, Steven J., and Field, Conrad J. 2021. "Linking landscape attributes to salmon and decision-making in the southern Kenai Lowlands, Alaska, USA." Ecology and Society, 26, (1). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11798-260101. 2021
- McCormick, Melissa, Burnett, Robert, and Whigham, Dennis. 2021. "Protocorm-Supporting Fungi Are Retained in Roots of Mature Tipularia discolor Orchids as Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity Increases." Plants-Basel, 10, (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061251. 2021
- Whigham, Dennis. 2021. "Restoring Natural Processes and Communities in Highly Urbanized and Altered Landscapes: Making a Start." Ecological Restoration, 39, (4) 297–298. 2021
- Robbins, Caleb J., Yeager, Alyse D., Cook, Stephen C., Doyle, Robert D., Maurer, Jasmine R., Walker, Coowe M., Back, Jeffrey A., Whigham, Dennis F., and King, Ryan S. 2020. "Low-level dissolved organic carbon subsidies drive a trophic upsurge in a boreal stream." Freshwater Biology, 47, (5) 1086–1105. https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13478. 2020
- McCormick, Melissa K., Whigham, Dennis F., Stapp, Jared R., Hazelton, Eric L. G., McFarland, Eliza K., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2020. "Shoreline modification affects recruitment of invasive Phragmites australis." Wetlands Ecology and Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-020-09757-6. 2020
- Weller, Donald E., Nagel, Jessica L., Seitz, Rochelle D., Whigham, Dennis F., Jordan, Thomas E., and Prosser, Diann J. 2019. "Correction to: Impacts of Coastal Land Use and Shoreline Armoring on Estuarine Ecosystems: an Introduction to a Special Issue (vol 41, pg S2, 2018)." Estuaries and Coasts, 42, (3) 912. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-00505-x. 2019
- Hazelton, Eric L. G., Downard, Rebekah, Kettenring, Karin M., McCormick, Melissa K., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2019. "Correction to: Spatial and Temporal Variation in Brackish Wetland Seedbanks: Implications for Wetland Restoration Following Phragmites Control (vol 41, pg S68, 2018)." Estuaries and Coasts, 42, (3) 907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-00500-2. 2019
- Kiviat, Erik, Meyerson, Laura A., Mozdzer, Thomas J., Allen, Warwick J., Baldwin, Andrew H., Bhattarai, Ganesh P., Brix, Hans, Caplan, Joshua S., Kettenring, Karin M., Lambertini, Carla, Weis, Judith, Whigham, Dennis F., and Cronin, James T. 2019. "Evidence does not support the targeting of cryptic invaders at the subspecies level using classical biological control: the example of Phragmites." Biological Invasions, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-019-02014-9. 2019
- Santos, Maria J., Verhoeven, Jos, Silvestri, Sonia, Whigham, Dennis F., and Oostdijk, Maartje. 2018. "Assessing rehabilitation of managed mangrove ecosystems using high resolution remote sensing." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 211 238–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2018.06.020. 2018
- Shefferson, Richard P., Kull, Tiiu, Hutchings, Michael J., Selosse, Marc-Andre, Jacquemyn, Hans, Kellett, Kimberly M., Menges, Eric S., Primack, Richard B., Tuomi, Juha, Alahuhta, Kirsi, Hurskainen, Sonja, Alexander, Helen M., Anderson, Derek S., Brys, Rein, Brzosko, Emilia, Dostalik, Slavomir, Gregg, Katharine, Ipser, Zdenek, Jakalaniemi, Anne, Jersakova, Jana, Kettle, W. Dean, McCormick, Melissa K., Mendoza, Ana, Miller, Michael T., Moen, Asbjorn et al. 2018. "Drivers of vegetative dormancy across herbaceous perennial plant species." Ecology Letters, 21, (5) 724–733. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12940. 2018
- Laanbroek, Hendrikus J., Zhang, Qiu-Fang, Leite, Marcio, Verhoeven, Jos T. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2018. "Effects of Rhizophora mangle leaf litter and seedlings on carbon and nitrogen cycling in salt marshes - potential consequences of climate-induced mangrove migration." Plant and Soil, 426, (1-2) 383–400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3611-z. 2018
- Weller, Donald E., Nagel, Jessica L., Seitz, Rochelle D., Whigham, Dennis F., Jordan, Thomas E., and Prosser, Diann J. 2018. "Impacts of Coastal Land Use and Shoreline Armoring on Estuarine Ecosystems: an Introduction to a Special Issue." Estuaries and Coasts, 41 S2–S18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0331-1. 2018
- McCormick, Melissa K., Canchani-Viruet, Armando, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2018. "Mycorrhizal fungi affect orchid distribution and population dynamics." New Phytologist, 219, (4) 1207–1215. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15223. 2018
- Hazelton, Eric L. G., Downard, Rebekah, Kettenring, Karin M., McCormick, Melissa K., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2018. "Spatial and Temporal Variation in Brackish Wetland Seedbanks: Implications for Wetland Restoration Following Phragmites Control." Estuaries and Coasts, 41, (Supplement 1) 68–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0289-z. 2018
- Whigham, Dennis F. and Kettenring, Karin M. 2018. "The Role of Propagule Type, Resource Availability, and Seed Source in Phragmites Invasion in Chesapeake Bay Wetlands." Wetlands, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1034-5. 2018
- Hiatt, Daniel L., Robbins, Caleb J., Back, Jeffrey A., Kostka, Pamela K., Doyle, Robert D., Walker, Coowe M., Rains, Mark C., Whigham, Dennis F., and King, Ryan S. 2017. "Catchment-scale alder cover controls nitrogen fixation in boreal headwater streams." Freshwater Science, 36, (3) 523–532. https://doi.org/10.1086/692944. 2017
- Eller, Franziska, Skálová, Hana, Caplan, Joshua S., Bhattarai, Ganesh P., Burger, Melissa K., Cronin, James T., Guo, Wen-Yong, Guo, Xiao, Hazelton, Eric L. G., Kettenring, Karin M., Lambertini, Carla, McCormick, Melissa K., Meyerson, Laura A., Mozdzer, Thomas J., Pyšek, Petr, Sorrell, Brian K., Whigham, Dennis F., and Brix, Hans. 2017. "Cosmopolitan Species As Models for Ecophysiological Responses to Global Change: The Common Reed Phragmites australis." Frontiers in Plant Science, 8 e1833. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01833. 2017
- Kornis, Matthew S., Breitburg, Denise L., Balouskus, Richard, Bilkovic, Donna M., Davias, Lori A., Giordano, Steve, Heggie, Keira, Hines, Anson H., Jacobs, John M., Jordan, Thomas E., King, Ryan S., Patrick, Christopher J., Seitz, Rochelle D., Soulen, Heather, Targett, Timothy E., Weller, Donald E., Whigham, Dennis F., and Uphoff, Jim. 2017. "Linking the Abundance of Estuarine Fish and Crustaceans in Nearshore Waters to Shoreline Hardening and Land Cover." Estuaries and Coasts, 40, (5) 1464–1486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0213-6. 2017
- Robbins, Caleb J., King, Ryan S., Yeager, Alyse D., Walker, Coowe M., Back, Jeffrey A., Doyle, Robert D., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2017. "Low-level addition of dissolved organic carbon increases basal ecosystem function in a boreal headwater stream." Ecosphere, 8, (4). https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1739. 2017
- Callahan, Michael K., Whigham, Dennis F., Rains, Mark C., Rains, Kai C., King, Ryan S., Walker, Coowe M., Maurer, Jasmine R., and Baird, Steven J. 2017. "Nitrogen Subsidies from Hillslope Alder Stands to Streamside Wetlands and Headwater Streams, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska." JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 53, (2) 478–492. https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12508. 2017
- Rock-Blake, Rachel, McCormick, Melissa K., Brooks, Hope E. A., Jones, Cynthia S., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2017. "Symbiont abundance can affect host plant population dynamics." American Journal of Botany, 104, (1) 72–82. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1600334. 2017
- Whigham, Dennis F., Walker, C. M., Maurer, J., King, R. S., Hauser, W., Baird, S., Keuskamp, J. A., and Neale, Patrick J. 2017. "Watershed influences on the structure and function of riparian wetlands associated with headwater streams – Kenai Peninsula, Alaska." Science of The Total Environment, 599–600 124–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.290. 2017
- Whigham, Dennis F., Mirenda, Tom, O'Neill, Jay, and McCormick, Melissa K. 2016. "A chance for orchid lovers to benefit conservation." Orchids: the Magazine of the American Orchid Society, (January) 32–35. 2016
- Hosaka, Naomi, Kachi, Naoki, Kudoh, Hiroshi, Stuefer, Josef F., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2016. "Compensatory growth of the clonal understory tree, Asimina triloba, in response to small-scale disturbances." Plant Ecology, 217, (5) 471–480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-016-0592-y. 2016
- McCormick, Melissa K., Taylor, D. L., Whigham, Dennis F., and Burnett, Robert K. 2016. "Germination patterns in three terrestrial orchids relate to abundance of mycorrhizal fungi." Journal of Ecology, 104, (3) 744–754. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12556. 2016
- Yesilonis, Ian, Pouyat, Richard, Szlavecz, K., Whigham, Dennis F., and Xia, L. 2016. "Historical land use and stand age effects on forest soil properties in the Mid-Atlantic US." Forest Ecology and Management, 370 83–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2016.03.046. 2016
- McCormick, Melissa K., Brooks, Hope E. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2016. "Microsatellite analysis to estimate realized dispersal distance in Phragmites australis." Biological Invasions, 18, (9) 2497–2504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-016-1126-1. 2016
- McFarland, Eliza K., LaForgia, Marina, Yepsen, M., Whigham, Dennis F., Baldwin, A. H., and Lang, M. 2016. "Plant biomass and nutrients (C, N and P) in natural, restored and prior converted depressional wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain, U.S." Folia Geobotanica, 51, (3) 267–283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12224-016-9239-y. 2016
- Hazelton, Eric L. G., Gallagher, Sally K., Weiner, Heather M., Whigham, Dennis F., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2015. "Biotic resistance, disturbance, and mode of colonization impact the invasion of a widespread, introduced wetland grass." Ecological Applications, 25, (2) 466–480. https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0434.1. 2015
- Callahan, Michael K., Rains, Mark C., Bellino, Jason C., Walker, Coowe M., Baird, Steven J., Whigham, Dennis F., and King, Ryan S. 2015. "Controls on Temperature in Salmonid-Bearing Headwater Streams in Two Common Hydrogeologic Settings, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska." JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 51, (1) 84–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12235. 2015
- Hazelton, Eric L. G., McCormick, Melissa K., Sievers, Matthew, Kettenring, Karin M., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2015. "Stand Age is Associated with Clonal Diversity, but Not Vigor, Community Structure, or Insect Herbivory in Chesapeake Bay Phragmites australis." Wetlands, 35, (5) 877–888. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-015-0678-7. 2015
- Yepsen, Metthea, Baldwin, Andrew, Whigham, Dennis F., McFarland, Eliza, LaForgia, Marina, and Lang, Megan. 2014. "Agricultural wetland restorations on the US Atlantic Coastal Plain achieve diverse native wetland communities but differ from natural wetlands." Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 197 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.07.007. 2014
- Laanbroek, Hendrikus J., Verhoeven, Jos T. A., Rains, Mark C., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2014. "Effects of increased summer flooding on nitrogen dynamics in impounded mangroves." Journal of environmental management, 139 217–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.02.035. 2014
- McCormick, Melissa K., O'Neill, John P., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2014. "Ongoing studies of Isotria medeoloides, Small Whorled Pogonia." The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 11, (4) 6–11. 2014
- Hazelton, Eric L. G., Mozdzer, Thomas J., Burdick, David, Kettenring, Karin M., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2014. "Phragmites australis Management in the United States: 40 years of methods and outcomes." AoB Plants, 6 plu001. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plu001. 2014
- Laanbroek, Hendrikus J., Keijzer, Rosalinde M., Verhoeven, Jos T. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2013. "Changes in community composition of ammonia-oxidizing betaproteobacteria from stands of Black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) in response to ammonia enrichment and more oxic conditions." Frontiers in Microbiology, 4, (343). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00343. 2013
- Dickinson, M. B. and Whigham, Dennis F. 2013. "Competition among surface roots in a selectively-logged, semi-deciduous forest in southeastern Mexico -- effects on seedlings of two species of contrasting shade tolerance." Caribbean Journal of Science, 47, (2-3) 140–152. 2013
- Szlavecz, Katalin, Pitz, Scott L., Bernard, Michael J., Xia, Lijun, O'Neill, John P., Chang, Chih-Han, McCormick, Melissa K., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2013. "Manipulating earthworm abundance using electroshocking in deciduous forests." Pedobiologia, 56, (1) 33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2012.08.008. 2013
- McCormick, Melissa K., Parker, Kenneth L., Szlavecz, Katalin, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2013. "Native and exotic earthworms affect orchid seed loss." AoB Plants, 5 plt018. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plt018. 2013
- Cipollini, Martin L., O'Neill, Jay, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2013. "Seed size, sexual dimorphism and sex ratio in Lindera benzoin L. (Lauraceae)." Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 40, (3). https://doi.org/10.3159/TORREY-D-13-00014.1. 2013
- Cipollini, Martin L., Culberson, Joshua, Whigham, Dennis F., Johnson, Kartee, Knight, Troy, and O'Neill, Jay. 2013. "Spatial and temporal patterns of sexual dimorphism and sex ratio in Lindera benzoin L. (Lauraceae)." Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 40, (3) 280–299. https://doi.org/10.3159/TORREY-D-13-00013.1. 2013
- Krupnick, Gary A., McCormick, Melissa K., Mirenda, Thomas, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2013. "The Status and Future of Orchid Conservation in North America." Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 99, (2) 180–198. https://doi.org/10.3417/2011108. 2013
- Swarth, Christopher W., Delgado, Patricia, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2013. "Vegetation Dynamics in a Tidal Freshwater Wetland: A Long-Term Study at Differing Scales." Estuaries and Coasts, 36, (3) 59–574. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-012-9568-x. 2013
- Dekar, Matthew P., King, Ryan S., Back, Jeffrey A., Whigham, Dennis F., and Walker, Coowe M. 2012. "Allochthonous inputs from grass-dominated wetlands support juvenile salmonids in headwater streams: evidence from stable isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen." Freshwater Science, 31, (1) 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1899/11-016.1. 2012
- Walker, Coowe M., King, Ryan S., Whigham, Dennis F., Back, Jeffrey A., and Baird, Steven J. 2012. "Catchment topography and wetland geomorphology drive macroinvertebrate community structure and juvenile salmonid distributions in south-central Alaska headwater streams." Freshwater Science, 31, (2) 341–364. https://doi.org/10.1899/11-109.1. 2012
- Whigham, Dennis F. 2012. "Conserving our native orchid heritage: The what, how and when behind the North American Orchid Conservation Center." The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 9, (4) 24–31. 2012
- Ikegami, Makihiko, Werger, Marinus J. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2012. "Effects of local density of clonal plants on their sexual and vegetative propagation strategies in a lattice structure model." Ecological Modelling, 234 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.03.026. 2012
- Meyerson, L. A., Lambertini, C., McCormick, Melissa K., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2012. "Hybridization of common reed in North America? The answer is blowing in the wind." AoB Plants, 2012 pls022. https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/pls022. 2012
- Tulbure, Mirela G., Ghioca-Robrecht, Dana M., Johnston, Carol A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2012. "Inventory and ventilation efficiency of nonnative and native Phragmites australis (Common Reed) in tidal wetlands of the Chesapeake Bay." Estuaries and Coasts, 35, (5) 1353–1359. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-012-9529-4. 2012
- Walker, Coowe M., King, Ryan S., Whigham, Dennis F., and Baird, Steven J. 2012. "Landscape and Wetland Influences on Headwater Stream Chemistry in the Kenai Lowlands, Alaska." Wetlands, 32, (2) 301–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0260-x. 2012
- McCormick, Melissa K., Lee Taylor, D., Juhaszova, Katarina, Burnett, Robert K., Whigham, Dennis F., and O'Neill, John P. 2012. "Limitations on orchid recruitment: not a simple picture." Molecular Ecology, 21, (6) 1511–1523. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05468.x. 2012
- Walker, Coowe M., King, Ryan S., Whigham, Dennis F., and Baird, Steven J. 2012. "Multiple Scales of Influence on Wetland Vegetation Associated with Headwater Streams in Alaska, USA." Wetlands, 32, (3) 411–422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-012-0274-z. 2012
- Laanbroek, Hendrikus J., Keijzer, Rosalinde M., Verhoeven, Jos T. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2012. "The effect of hydrology on the distribution of ammonia-oxidizing betaproteobacteria in impounded black mangroves (Avicennia germinans)." Frontiers in Microbiology, 3 111. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00153. 2012
- McCormick, Melissa K. and Whigham, Dennis F. 2012. "Using the complexities of orchid life histories to target conservation efforts." The Native Orchid Conference Journal, 9, (4) 14–23. 2012
- Szlavecz, Katalin, McCormick, Melissa K., Xia, Lijun, Saunders, Jaclyn, Morcol, Taylan, Whigham, Dennis F., Filley, Timothy, and Csuzdi, Csaba. 2011. "Ecosystem effects of non-native earthworms in Mid-Atlantic deciduous forests." Biological Invasions, 13, (5) 1165–1182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-011-9959-0. 2011
- Innis, Anne F., McCormick, Melissa K., Forseth, Irwin N., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2011. "Genetic diversity in the invasive Rubus phoenicolasius as compared to the native Rubus argutus using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers." Biological Invasions, 13, (8) 1735–1738. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-011-0012-0. 2011
- Shefferson, Richard P., McCormick, Melissa K., Whigham, Dennis F., and O'Neill, John P. 2011. "Life history strategy in herbaceous perennials: inferring demographic patterns from the aboveground dynamics of a primarily subterranean, myco-heterotrophic orchid." Oikos, 129, (9) 1291–1300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19130.x. 2011
- McCormick, Melissa K., Baron, Heather M., Whigham, Dennis F., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2011. "Mechanisms of Phragmites australis invasion: feedbacks among genetic diversity, nutrients, and sexual reproduction." Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, (5) 1305–1313. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02024.x. 2011
- Brooks, Robert P., Brinson, Mark M., Havens, Kirk J., Hershner, Carl S., Rheinhardt, Richard D., Wardrop, Denice H., Whigham, Dennis F., Jacobs, Amy D., and Rubbo, Jennifer M. 2011. "Proposed Hydrogeomorphic Classification for Wetlands of the Mid-Atlantic Region, USA." Wetlands, 31, (2) 207–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0158-7. 2011
- Gorchov, David L., Thompson, Emily, O'Neill, Jay, Whigham, Dennis F., and Noe, Douglas A. 2011. "Treefall gaps required for establishment, but not survival, of invasive Rubus phoenicolasius in deciduous forest, Maryland, USA." Plant Species Biology, 26, (3) 221–234. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.2011.00317.x. 2011
- Stringer, Christina E., Kruse, Sarah, Rains, Mark C., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2010. "Controls on Water Levels and Salinity in a Barrier Island Mangrove, Indian River Lagoon, Florida." Wetlands, 30, (4) 725–734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-010-0072-4. 2010
- McCormick, Melissa K., Baron, Heather M., Whigham, Dennis F., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2010. "Extent and Reproductive Mechanisms of Phragmites australis Spread in Brackish Wetlands in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland (USA)." Wetlands, 30, (1) 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-009-0007-0. 2010
- McCormick, Melissa K., Baron, Heather M., Whigham, Dennis F., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2010. "Phragmites australis (Common Reed) Invasion in the Rhode River Subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay: Disentangling the Effects of Foliar Nutrients, Genetic Diversity, Patch Size, and Seed Viability." Estuaries and Coasts, 33, (1) 118–126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9241-1. 2010
- Whigham, Dennis F., Kettenring, Karin M., and Baldwin, Andrew H. 2010. "Seed banks of Phragmites australis-dominated brackish wetlands: Relationships to seed viability, inundation, and land cover." Aquatic Botany, 93, (3) 163–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2010.06.001. 2010
- McCormick, Melissa K., Baron, H. M., Whigham, Dennis F., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2010. "Spread of invasive Phragmites australis in estuaries with differing degrees of development: genetic patterns, Allee effects and interpretation." Journal of Ecology, 98, (6) 1369–1378. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01712.x. 2010
- McCormick, Melissa K., Baron, Heather, Whigham, Dennis F., and Kettenring, Karin M. 2010. "The invasion of common reed (Phragmites australis) in Chesapeake Bay (USA)." Australian Plant Conservation, 18, (4) 17–18. 2010
- McCormick, Melissa K., Whigham, Dennis F., O'Neill, John P., Becker, Janie J., Werner, Sarah, Rasmussen, Hanne N., Bruns, Thomas D., and Taylor, D. Lee. 2009. "Abundance and distribution of Corallorhiza odontorhiza reflect variations in climate and ectomycorrhizae." Ecological Monographs, 79, (4) 619–635. https://doi.org/10.1890/08-0729.1. 2009
- Rheinhardt, Richard D., McKenny-Easterling, M., Brinson, Mark M., Masina-Rubbo, J., Brooks, Robert P., Whigham, Dennis F., O'Brien, David, Hite, Jeremy T., and Armstrong, Brian K. 2009. "Canopy composition and forest structure provide restoration targets for low-order riparian ecosystems." Restoration Ecology, 17, (1) 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00333.x. 2009
- Ikegami, Makihiko, Werger, Marinus J. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2009. "Ramet phenology and clonal architectures of the clonal sedge Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller." Plant Ecology, 200, (2) 287–301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-008-9453-7. 2009
- Verhoeven, Jos T. A., Samarkin, Vladimir, Megonigal, J. Patrick, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2009. "Responses of Avicennia germinans (Black Mangrove) and the Soil Microbial Community to Nitrogen Addition in a Hypersaline Wetland." Estuaries and Coasts, 32, (5) 926–936. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-009-9184-6. 2009
- Whigham, Dennis F. and Kettenring, Karin M. 2009. "Seed viability and seed dormancy of non-native Phragmites australis in suburbanized and forested watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay, USA." Aquatic Botany, 91, (3) 199–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2009.06.002. 2009
- Filley, T. R., McCormick, Melissa K., Crow, S. E., Szlavecz, K., Whigham, Dennis F., Johnston, C. T., and van den Heuvel, R. N. 2008. "Comparison of the chemical alteration trajectory of Liriodendron tulipifera L. leaf litter among forests with different earthworm abundance." Journal of Geophysical Research. G. Biogeosciences, 113 G01027. 2008
- Kitamura, Keiko, Takasu, Hideki, Hagiwara, Shinsuke, Homma, Kohsuke, O'Neill, Jay, Whigham, Dennis F., and Kawano, Shoichi. 2008. "Demographic genetics of American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) IV. Development of genetic variability and gene flow during succession in a coastal plain forest in Maryland." Plant Species Biology, 23, (3) 159–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.2008.00228.x. 2008
- Øien, D. I., McCormick, Melissa K., O'Neill, John P., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2008. "Germination ecology of the boreal-alpine terrestrial orchid Dactylorhiza lapponica (Orchidaceae)." Annales Botanici Fennici, 45, (3) 161–172. https://doi.org/10.5735/085.045.0301. 2008
- Ikegami, Makihiko, Werger, M. J. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2008. "Optimal biomass allocation in heterogeneous environments in a clonal plant - Spatial division of labor." Ecological Modelling, 213 156–164. 2008
- Hosaka, N., Kachi, N., Kudoh, H., Stuefer, J. F., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2008. "Patch structure and ramet demography of the clonal tree, Asimina triloba, under gap and closed-canopy." Plant Ecology, 197, (2) 219–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-007-9372-z. 2008
- Ikegami, Makihiko, van Hal, S., van Rheenen, J. W. A., Werger, M. J. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2008. "Spatial division of labour of Schoenoplectus americanus." Plant Ecology, 199, (1) 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11258-008-9411-4. 2008
- Whigham, Dennis F., Jacobs, A. D., Weller, Donald E., Jordan, Thomas E., Kentula, M. E., Jensen, S. F., and Stevens, D. L. 2007. "Combining HGM and EMAP procedures to assess wetlands at the watershed scale - Status of flats and non-tidal riverine wetlands in the Nanticoke River watershed, Delaware and Maryland." Wetlands, 27 462–478. https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[462:CHAEPT]2.0.CO;2. 2007
- Jordan, Thomas E., Andrews, M. P., Szuch, R. P., Whigham, Dennis F., Weller, Donald E., and Jacobs, A. D. 2007. "Comparing functional assessments of wetlands to measurements of soil characteristics and nitrogen processing." Wetlands, 27 479–497. https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[479:CFAOWT]2.0.CO;2. 2007
- Tremblay, Raymond L., Bateman, Richard M., Brown, Andrew P., Hachandourian, Marc, Hutchings, Michael J., Kell, Shelagh, Koopowitz, Harold, Lehnebach, Carlos, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2007. "Density induced rates of pollinaria removal and deposition in the purple enamel orchid Elythranthera brunonis (Endl.)A.S. George." Lankesteriana, 7, (1-2) 229–239. 2007
- Shimamura, R., Kachi, N., Kudoh, H., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2007. "Hydrochory as a determinant of genetic distribution of seeds within Hibiscus moscheutos (Malvaceae) populations." American Journal of Botany, 94 1137–1145. 2007
- Weller, Donald E., Snyder, M. N., Whigham, Dennis F., Jacobs, A. D., and Jordan, Thomas E. 2007. "Landscape indicators of wetland condition in the Nanticoke River watershed, Maryland and Delaware, USA." Wetlands, 27 498–514. https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2007)27[498:LIOWCI]2.0.CO;2. 2007
- Ikegami, Makihiko, Werger, M. J. A., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2007. "Responses of rhizome length and ramet production to resource availability in the clonal sedge Scirpus olneyi A. Gray." Plant Ecology, 189 247–259. 2007
- Day, J. W.,Jr., Boesch, D. F., Clairain, E. J., Kemp, G. P., Laska, S. B. Mitsch W. J., Mashriqui, H., Reed, D. J., Shabman, L., Simenstad, C. A., Streever, B. J., Twilley, R. R., Watson, C. C., Wells, J. T., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2007. "Restoration of the Mississippi Delta: Lessons from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita." Science, 315 1679–1684. 2007
- DeLuca, W. V., King, Ryan S., Marra, Peter P., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2007. "Threshold effects of coastal urbanization on Phragmites australis (common reed) abundance and foliar nitrogen in Chesapeake Bay." Estuaries and Coasts, 30 469–481. 2007
Book
- Walker, Coowe, King, Ryan, Rains, Mark Cable, Whigham, Dennis F., Baird, Steve, and Bellino, Jason. 2009. Headwater Stream Wetland Settings and Shallow Ground Water Influence: Relationships to Juvenile Salmon Habitat on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Final Report. Homer, AK: U.S. EPA Region 10, Wetlands Program. 2009
- Barendregt, Aat, Whigham, Dennis F., and Baldwin, Andrew H. 2009. Tidal Freshwater Wetlands. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers. 2009
- Jacobs, A. D., Whigham, Dennis F., Rehm, E., and Howard, A. 2008. Delaware Comprehensive Assessment Procedure Version 5.1. Dover, DE: Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. 2008
- Breitburg, Denise L., Hines, Anson H., Jordan, Thomas E., McCormick, Melissa K., Weller, Donald E., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2008. Landscape patterns, nutrient discharges, and biota of the Rhode River estuary and its watershed: Contribution of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center to the Pilot Integrated Ecosystem Assessment. Edgewater, Maryland: Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. 2008
- Jacobs, A. D., Whigham, Dennis F., Fillis, D., Rehm, E., and Howard, A. 2007. Delaware Comprehensive Assessment Procedure Version 2.0. Dover, Delaware: Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. 2007
Chapter
- Barendregt, Aat, Cahoon, Donald R., Whigham, Dennis F., Perillo, Gerardo M. E., Baldwin, Andrew H., and Hopkinson, Charles S. 2019. "Tidal Freshwater Wetlands." In Coastal Wetlands. Perillo, Gerardo M. E., Wolanski, Eric, Cahoon, Donald R., and Hopkinson, Charles S., editors. 619–640. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63893-9.00018-6. 2019
- Baldwin, Andrew H., Kangas, Patrick J., Megonigal, J. Patrick, Perry, Matthew C., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2012. "Coastal Wetlands of Chesapeake Bay." In Wetland Habitats of North America: Ecology and Conservation Concerns. Batzer, Darold P. and Baldwin, Andrew H., editors. 29–43. University of California Press. 2012
- Whigham, Dennis F., Baldwin, Andrew H., and Swarth, Chris. 2009. "Conservation of tidal freshwater wetlands in North America." In Tidal Freshwater Wetlands. Barendregt, Aat, Whigham, Dennis F., and Baldwin, Andrew H., editors. 233–240. Leiden: Margraf and Backhuys Publishers. 2009
- Whigham, Dennis F., Whigham, Michael C., Feller, Ilka C., Rodriguez, Wilfred, and King, Ryan S. 2009. "Ecological characteristics of Batis maritima in Florida and Belize." In Proceedings of the Smithsonian Marine Science Symposium. 491–499. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. In Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences, 38. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.01960768.38.491. 2009
- Maltby, E. and Whigham, Dennis F. 2009. "Global Distribution, Diversity and Human Alteration of Wetland Resources." In The Wetlands Handbook. Maltby, E. and Barker, T., editors. 43–64. John Wiley & Sons. 2009
- Leck, Mary Allessio, Baldwin, Andrew H., Parker, V. Thomas, Schile, Lisa, and Whigham, Dennis F. 2009. "Plant communities of tidal freshwater wetlands of the continental USA and Canada." In Tidal Freshwater Wetlands. Barendregt, Aat, Whigham, Dennis F., and Baldwin, Andrew H., editors. 41–58. Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys Publishers. 2009
- Barendregt, Aat, Whigham, Dennis F., and Baldwin, Andrew H. 2009. "Primary production in tidal freshwater wetlands." In Tidal Freshwater Wetlands. 115–121. Leiden: Margraf and Backhuys Publishers. 2009
- Barendregt, Aat, Whigham, Dennis F., and Baldwin, Andrew H. 2009. "Synthesis and perspectives for the future." In Tidal Freshwater Wetlands. 267–270. Leiden: Margraf and Backhuys Publishers. 2009
- Whigham, Dennis F., Baldwin, Andrew H., and Barendregt, Aat. 2009. "Tidal freshwater wetlands." In Coastal wetlands: an integrated ecosystem approach. Perillo Gerardo, M. E., Wolanski, E., Cahoon, Donald R., and Brinson, Mark M., editors. 515–533. Elsevier Science. 2009
- Barendregt, Aat, Whigham, Dennis F., and Baldwin, Andrew H. 2009. "Tidal freshwater wetlands, an introduction to the ecosystem." In Tidal Freshwater Wetlands. 1–10. Leiden and Weikersheim: Backhuys Publishers. 2009
- Simpson, Robert L., McCormick, Melissa K., Leck, M. A., O'Neill, John P., and Whigham, Dennis F. 2008. "Specialized seedling strategies II: orchids, bromeliads, carnivorous plants and parasites." In Seedling ecology and evolution. Leck, M. A., Parker, Thomas V., and Simpson, Robert L., editors. 79–100. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press. 2008
Dataset
- Olson, Jack, Whigham, Dennis F., Megonigal, J. Patrick, Ogburn, Matthew B., Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network, and MarineGEO. 2021. [Dataset] MarineGEO Salt Marsh Habitat Monitoring Protocol. https://doi.org/10.25573/SERC.14896194.V1. 2021
- Whigham, Dennis F., Holmquist, James R., Ogburn, Matthew B., Goodison, Michael R., McFarland, Eliza K., and Megonigal, J. Patrick. 2020. [Dataset] Dataset: 2015-2018 USA-MDA TMON Marsh Biomass Surveys. Distributed by The Smithsonian Institution. https://doi.org/10.25573/SERC.12636404.V1. 2020
- McCormick, Melissa K., Taylor, Donald Lee, Whigham, Dennis F., and Burnett, Robert K. 2016. [Dataset] Germination patterns in three terrestrial orchids relate to abundance of mycorrhizal fungi. Distributed by Dryad Digital Repository. 2016
- McCormick, Melissa K., Taylor, D. Lee, Juhaszova, Katarina, Burnett, Robert K., Jr., Whigham, Dennis F., and O'Neill, John P. 2011. [Dataset] Data from: Limitations on orchid recruitment: not a simple picture. Distributed by Dryad Digital Repository. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.C770013C. 2011

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- Kindlmann, Pavel, Kull, Tiiu, and Whigham, Dennis, editors. 2023. Challenges and Opportunities in Orchid Ecology and Conservation. Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/978-2-8325-2853-2. 2023

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